diff --git a/.github/workflows/python.yml b/.github/workflows/python.yml
index 269f865c..d5186dfd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python.yml
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
             toxenv-factors: '-current'
           - # test with the lowest dependencies
             os: ubuntu-latest
-            python-version: '3.8'
+            python-version: '3.9'
             toxenv-factors: '-lowest'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -117,15 +117,14 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         os:
           - ubuntu-latest
-          - macos-13  # macos-latest might be incompatible to py38 - see https://github.com/CycloneDX/cyclonedx-python-lib/pull/599#issuecomment-2077462142
+          - macos-13 # macos-latest might be incompatible to py310 - see https://github.com/CycloneDX/cyclonedx-python-lib/pull/599#issuecomment-2077462142
           - windows-latest
         python-version:
           - "3.13" # highest supported
           - "3.12"
           - "3.11"
           - "3.10"
-          - "3.9"
-          - "3.8"  # lowest supported
+          - "3.9" # lowest supported          
         toxenv-factors:
           - '-allExtras'
           - '-noExtras'
@@ -219,7 +218,7 @@ jobs:
         # see https://github.com/actions/setup-python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v5
         with:
-          python-version: '>=3.8 <=3.13'  # supported version range
+          python-version: '>=3.9 <=3.13'  # supported version range
       - name: Validate Python Environment
         shell: python
         run: |
diff --git a/cyclonedx/_internal/compare.py b/cyclonedx/_internal/compare.py
index bd64e692..e7544b3b 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/_internal/compare.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/_internal/compare.py
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@
 """
 
 from itertools import zip_longest
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
     from packageurl import PackageURL
 
 
-class ComparableTuple(Tuple[Optional[Any], ...]):
+class ComparableTuple(tuple[Optional[Any], ...]):
     """
     Allows comparison of tuples, allowing for None values.
     """
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class ComparableDict(ComparableTuple):
     Allows comparison of dictionaries, allowing for missing/None values.
     """
 
-    def __new__(cls, d: Dict[Any, Any]) -> 'ComparableDict':
+    def __new__(cls, d: dict[Any, Any]) -> 'ComparableDict':
         return super(ComparableDict, cls).__new__(cls, sorted(d.items()))
 
 
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/__init__.py b/cyclonedx/model/__init__.py
index b2e40187..3677ebf2 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/__init__.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/__init__.py
@@ -23,11 +23,12 @@
 """
 
 import re
+from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import Enum
 from functools import reduce
 from json import loads as json_loads
-from typing import Any, Dict, FrozenSet, Generator, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 from urllib.parse import quote as url_quote
 from uuid import UUID
 from warnings import warn
@@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ class HashAlgorithm(str, Enum):
 class _HashTypeRepositorySerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     """  THIS CLASS IS NON-PUBLIC API  """
 
-    __CASES: Dict[Type[serializable.ViewType], FrozenSet[HashAlgorithm]] = dict()
+    __CASES: dict[type[serializable.ViewType], frozenset[HashAlgorithm]] = dict()
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot0] = frozenset({
         HashAlgorithm.MD5,
         HashAlgorithm.SHA_1,
@@ -304,7 +305,7 @@ class _HashTypeRepositorySerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot6] = __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot5]
 
     @classmethod
-    def __prep(cls, hts: Iterable['HashType'], view: Type[serializable.ViewType]) -> Generator['HashType', None, None]:
+    def __prep(cls, hts: Iterable['HashType'], view: type[serializable.ViewType]) -> Generator['HashType', None, None]:
         cases = cls.__CASES.get(view, ())
         for ht in hts:
             if ht.alg in cases:
@@ -315,8 +316,8 @@ def __prep(cls, hts: Iterable['HashType'], view: Type[serializable.ViewType]) ->
 
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: Iterable['HashType'], *,
-                       view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
-                       **__: Any) -> List[Any]:
+                       view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                       **__: Any) -> list[Any]:
         assert view is not None
         return [
             json_loads(
@@ -328,7 +329,7 @@ def json_normalize(cls, o: Iterable['HashType'], *,
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: Iterable['HashType'], *,
                       element_name: str,
-                      view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                      view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                       xmlns: Optional[str],
                       **__: Any) -> XmlElement:
         assert view is not None
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ def xml_normalize(cls, o: Iterable['HashType'], *,
 
     @classmethod
     def json_denormalize(cls, o: Any,
-                         **__: Any) -> List['HashType']:
+                         **__: Any) -> list['HashType']:
         return [
             HashType.from_json(  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
                 ht) for ht in o
@@ -351,14 +352,14 @@ def json_denormalize(cls, o: Any,
     @classmethod
     def xml_denormalize(cls, o: 'XmlElement', *,
                         default_ns: Optional[str],
-                        **__: Any) -> List['HashType']:
+                        **__: Any) -> list['HashType']:
         return [
             HashType.from_xml(  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
                 ht, default_ns) for ht in o
         ]
 
 
-_MAP_HASHLIB: Dict[str, HashAlgorithm] = {
+_MAP_HASHLIB: dict[str, HashAlgorithm] = {
     # from hashlib.algorithms_guaranteed
     'md5': HashAlgorithm.MD5,
     'sha1': HashAlgorithm.SHA_1,
@@ -593,7 +594,7 @@ class ExternalReferenceType(str, Enum):
 class _ExternalReferenceSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     """  THIS CLASS IS NON-PUBLIC API  """
 
-    __CASES: Dict[Type[serializable.ViewType], FrozenSet[ExternalReferenceType]] = dict()
+    __CASES: dict[type[serializable.ViewType], frozenset[ExternalReferenceType]] = dict()
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot1] = frozenset({
         ExternalReferenceType.VCS,
         ExternalReferenceType.ISSUE_TRACKER,
@@ -649,7 +650,7 @@ class _ExternalReferenceSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     }
 
     @classmethod
-    def __normalize(cls, extref: ExternalReferenceType, view: Type[serializable.ViewType]) -> str:
+    def __normalize(cls, extref: ExternalReferenceType, view: type[serializable.ViewType]) -> str:
         return (
             extref
             if extref in cls.__CASES.get(view, ())
@@ -658,14 +659,14 @@ def __normalize(cls, extref: ExternalReferenceType, view: Type[serializable.View
 
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                       view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                       view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                        **__: Any) -> str:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
 
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                      view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                      view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                       **__: Any) -> str:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
@@ -703,7 +704,7 @@ class XsUri(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     )
 
     @staticmethod
-    def __spec_replace(v: str, r: Tuple[str, str]) -> str:
+    def __spec_replace(v: str, r: tuple[str, str]) -> str:
         return v.replace(*r)
 
     @classmethod
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/bom.py b/cyclonedx/model/bom.py
index 130074ee..7ed2dab7 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/bom.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/bom.py
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 
+from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable
 from datetime import datetime
 from itertools import chain
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Generator, Iterable, Optional, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Union
 from uuid import UUID, uuid4
 from warnings import warn
 
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/bom_ref.py b/cyclonedx/model/bom_ref.py
index cc4571a7..a1895d3e 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/bom_ref.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/bom_ref.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 from ..exception.serialization import CycloneDxDeserializationException, SerializationOfUnexpectedValueException
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
-    from typing import Type, TypeVar
+    from typing import TypeVar
 
     _T_BR = TypeVar('_T_BR', bound='BomRef')
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ def serialize(cls, o: Any) -> Optional[str]:
             f'Attempt to serialize a non-BomRef: {o!r}')
 
     @classmethod
-    def deserialize(cls: 'Type[_T_BR]', o: Any) -> '_T_BR':
+    def deserialize(cls: 'type[_T_BR]', o: Any) -> '_T_BR':
         try:
             return cls(value=str(o))
         except ValueError as err:
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/component.py b/cyclonedx/model/component.py
index 28de1ea0..6e26947e 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/component.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/component.py
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 import re
+from collections.abc import Iterable
 from enum import Enum
 from os.path import exists
-from typing import Any, Dict, FrozenSet, Iterable, Optional, Set, Type, Union
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 from warnings import warn
 
 # See https://github.com/package-url/packageurl-python/issues/65
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@ class ComponentScope(str, Enum):
 class _ComponentScopeSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     """  THIS CLASS IS NON-PUBLIC API  """
 
-    __CASES: Dict[Type[serializable.ViewType], FrozenSet[ComponentScope]] = dict()
+    __CASES: dict[type[serializable.ViewType], frozenset[ComponentScope]] = dict()
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot0] = frozenset({
         ComponentScope.REQUIRED,
         ComponentScope.OPTIONAL,
@@ -324,21 +325,21 @@ class _ComponentScopeSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot6] = __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot5]
 
     @classmethod
-    def __normalize(cls, cs: ComponentScope, view: Type[serializable.ViewType]) -> Optional[str]:
+    def __normalize(cls, cs: ComponentScope, view: type[serializable.ViewType]) -> Optional[str]:
         return cs.value \
             if cs in cls.__CASES.get(view, ()) \
             else None
 
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                       view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                       view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                        **__: Any) -> Optional[str]:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
 
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                      view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                      view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                       **__: Any) -> Optional[str]:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ class ComponentType(str, Enum):
 class _ComponentTypeSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     """  THIS CLASS IS NON-PUBLIC API  """
 
-    __CASES: Dict[Type[serializable.ViewType], FrozenSet[ComponentType]] = dict()
+    __CASES: dict[type[serializable.ViewType], frozenset[ComponentType]] = dict()
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot0] = frozenset({
         ComponentType.APPLICATION,
         ComponentType.DEVICE,
@@ -403,21 +404,21 @@ class _ComponentTypeSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     }
 
     @classmethod
-    def __normalize(cls, ct: ComponentType, view: Type[serializable.ViewType]) -> Optional[str]:
+    def __normalize(cls, ct: ComponentType, view: type[serializable.ViewType]) -> Optional[str]:
         if ct in cls.__CASES.get(view, ()):
             return ct.value
         raise SerializationOfUnsupportedComponentTypeException(f'unsupported {ct!r} for view {view!r}')
 
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                       view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                       view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                        **__: Any) -> Optional[str]:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
 
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                      view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                      view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                       **__: Any) -> Optional[str]:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
@@ -1734,7 +1735,7 @@ def tags(self) -> 'SortedSet[str]':
     def tags(self, tags: Iterable[str]) -> None:
         self._tags = SortedSet(tags)
 
-    def get_all_nested_components(self, include_self: bool = False) -> Set['Component']:
+    def get_all_nested_components(self, include_self: bool = False) -> set['Component']:
         components = set()
         if include_self:
             components.add(self)
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/contact.py b/cyclonedx/model/contact.py
index cea865e7..3a4704b4 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/contact.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/contact.py
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 
-from typing import Any, Iterable, Optional, Union
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/crypto.py b/cyclonedx/model/crypto.py
index 765e840b..b7557c77 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/crypto.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/crypto.py
@@ -25,9 +25,10 @@
     See the CycloneDX Schema for hashType: https://cyclonedx.org/docs/1.6/#type_cryptoPropertiesType
 """
 
+from collections.abc import Iterable
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any, Iterable, Optional
+from typing import Any, Optional
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/definition.py b/cyclonedx/model/definition.py
index 675e5476..7ec28bda 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/definition.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/definition.py
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 import re
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Iterable, Optional, Union
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@
 from .bom_ref import BomRef
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
-    from typing import Type, TypeVar
+    from typing import TypeVar
 
     _T_CreId = TypeVar('_T_CreId', bound='CreId')
 
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ def serialize(cls, o: Any) -> str:
             f'Attempt to serialize a non-CreId: {o!r}')
 
     @classmethod
-    def deserialize(cls: 'Type[_T_CreId]', o: Any) -> '_T_CreId':
+    def deserialize(cls: 'type[_T_CreId]', o: Any) -> '_T_CreId':
         return cls(id=str(o))
 
     def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/dependency.py b/cyclonedx/model/dependency.py
index 8241fdfc..49b51428 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/dependency.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/dependency.py
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 
 
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Any, Iterable, List, Optional, Set
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Any, Optional
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
@@ -31,14 +32,14 @@ class _DependencyRepositorySerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     """  THIS CLASS IS NON-PUBLIC API  """
 
     @classmethod
-    def serialize(cls, o: Any) -> List[str]:
+    def serialize(cls, o: Any) -> list[str]:
         if isinstance(o, (SortedSet, set)):
             return [str(i.ref) for i in o]
         raise SerializationOfUnexpectedValueException(
             f'Attempt to serialize a non-DependencyRepository: {o!r}')
 
     @classmethod
-    def deserialize(cls, o: Any) -> Set['Dependency']:
+    def deserialize(cls, o: Any) -> set['Dependency']:
         dependencies = set()
         if isinstance(o, list):
             for v in o:
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ def dependencies(self) -> 'SortedSet[Dependency]':
     def dependencies(self, dependencies: Iterable['Dependency']) -> None:
         self._dependencies = SortedSet(dependencies)
 
-    def dependencies_as_bom_refs(self) -> Set[BomRef]:
+    def dependencies_as_bom_refs(self) -> set[BomRef]:
         return set(map(lambda d: d.ref, self.dependencies))
 
     def __comparable_tuple(self) -> _ComparableTuple:
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/issue.py b/cyclonedx/model/issue.py
index 4b1f1aa2..1369a88c 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/issue.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/issue.py
@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
+from collections.abc import Iterable
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any, Iterable, Optional
+from typing import Any, Optional
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/license.py b/cyclonedx/model/license.py
index b4348993..86f08dbe 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/license.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/license.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 from enum import Enum
 from json import loads as json_loads
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Type, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union
 from warnings import warn
 from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element  # nosec B405
 
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ class _LicenseRepositorySerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
 
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: LicenseRepository, *,
-                       view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                       view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                        **__: Any) -> Any:
         if len(o) == 0:
             return None
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ def json_normalize(cls, o: LicenseRepository, *,
         ]
 
     @classmethod
-    def json_denormalize(cls, o: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+    def json_denormalize(cls, o: list[dict[str, Any]],
                          **__: Any) -> LicenseRepository:
         repo = LicenseRepository()
         for li in o:
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ def json_denormalize(cls, o: List[Dict[str, Any]],
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: LicenseRepository, *,
                       element_name: str,
-                      view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                      view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                       xmlns: Optional[str],
                       **__: Any) -> Optional[Element]:
         if len(o) == 0:
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/lifecycle.py b/cyclonedx/model/lifecycle.py
index db688bb8..d8f1db52 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/lifecycle.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/lifecycle.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 from enum import Enum
 from json import loads as json_loads
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Type, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union
 from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element  # nosec B405
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ class LifecycleRepository(SortedSet):
 class _LifecycleRepositoryHelper(BaseHelper):
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: LifecycleRepository, *,
-                       view: Optional[Type['ViewType']],
+                       view: Optional[type['ViewType']],
                        **__: Any) -> Any:
         if len(o) == 0:
             return None
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def json_normalize(cls, o: LifecycleRepository, *,
             view_=view)) for li in o]
 
     @classmethod
-    def json_denormalize(cls, o: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+    def json_denormalize(cls, o: list[dict[str, Any]],
                          **__: Any) -> LifecycleRepository:
         repo = LifecycleRepository()
         for li in o:
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ def json_denormalize(cls, o: List[Dict[str, Any]],
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: LifecycleRepository, *,
                       element_name: str,
-                      view: Optional[Type['ViewType']],
+                      view: Optional[type['ViewType']],
                       xmlns: Optional[str],
                       **__: Any) -> Optional[Element]:
         if len(o) == 0:
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/release_note.py b/cyclonedx/model/release_note.py
index 4509bb2b..970d7c6e 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/release_note.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/release_note.py
@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
+from collections.abc import Iterable
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Iterable, Optional
+from typing import Optional
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/service.py b/cyclonedx/model/service.py
index 91541f6b..332456cc 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/service.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/service.py
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
 """
 
 
-from typing import Any, Iterable, Optional, Union
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/tool.py b/cyclonedx/model/tool.py
index 38b1e065..afe31441 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/tool.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/tool.py
@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 
+from collections.abc import Iterable
 from itertools import chain
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Type, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union
 from warnings import warn
 from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element  # nosec B405
 
@@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f'<Tool name={self.name}, version={self.version}, vendor={self.vendor}>'
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_component(cls: Type['Tool'], component: 'Component') -> 'Tool':
+    def from_component(cls: type['Tool'], component: 'Component') -> 'Tool':
         return cls(
             vendor=component.group,
             name=component.name,
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ def from_component(cls: Type['Tool'], component: 'Component') -> 'Tool':
         )
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_service(cls: Type['Tool'], service: 'Service') -> 'Tool':
+    def from_service(cls: type['Tool'], service: 'Service') -> 'Tool':
         return cls(
             vendor=service.group,
             name=service.name,
@@ -289,12 +290,12 @@ def __supports_components_and_services(view: Any) -> bool:
 
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: ToolRepository, *,
-                       view: Optional[Type['ViewType']],
+                       view: Optional[type['ViewType']],
                        **__: Any) -> Any:
         if len(o.tools) > 0 or not cls.__supports_components_and_services(view):
             ts = cls.__all_as_tools(o)
             return tuple(ts) if ts else None
-        elem: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+        elem: dict[str, Any] = {}
         if o.components:
             elem['components'] = tuple(o.components)
         if o.services:
@@ -302,12 +303,12 @@ def json_normalize(cls, o: ToolRepository, *,
         return elem or None
 
     @classmethod
-    def json_denormalize(cls, o: Union[List[Dict[str, Any]], Dict[str, Any]],
+    def json_denormalize(cls, o: Union[list[dict[str, Any]], dict[str, Any]],
                          **__: Any) -> ToolRepository:
         tools = None
         components = None
         services = None
-        if isinstance(o, Dict):
+        if isinstance(o, dict):
             components = map(lambda c: Component.from_json(  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
                 c), o.get('components', ()))
             services = map(lambda s: Service.from_json(  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ def json_denormalize(cls, o: Union[List[Dict[str, Any]], Dict[str, Any]],
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: ToolRepository, *,
                       element_name: str,
-                      view: Optional[Type['ViewType']],
+                      view: Optional[type['ViewType']],
                       xmlns: Optional[str],
                       **__: Any) -> Optional[Element]:
         elem = Element(element_name)
@@ -353,7 +354,7 @@ def xml_normalize(cls, o: ToolRepository, *,
     def xml_denormalize(cls, o: Element, *,
                         default_ns: Optional[str],
                         prop_info: 'ObjectMetadataLibrary.SerializableProperty',
-                        ctx: Type[Any],
+                        ctx: type[Any],
                         **kwargs: Any) -> ToolRepository:
         ns_map = {'bom': default_ns or ''}
         # Do not iterate over `o` and do not check for expected `.tag` of items.
diff --git a/cyclonedx/model/vulnerability.py b/cyclonedx/model/vulnerability.py
index f2eb1a7f..d4c17d4e 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/model/vulnerability.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/model/vulnerability.py
@@ -30,10 +30,11 @@
 
 
 import re
+from collections.abc import Iterable
 from datetime import datetime
 from decimal import Decimal
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any, Dict, FrozenSet, Iterable, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
+from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 
 import py_serializable as serializable
 from sortedcontainers import SortedSet
@@ -651,7 +652,7 @@ def get_value_pre_1_4(self) -> str:
 class _VulnerabilityScoreSourceSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelper):
     """  THIS CLASS IS NON-PUBLIC API  """
 
-    __CASES: Dict[Type[serializable.ViewType], FrozenSet[VulnerabilityScoreSource]] = dict()
+    __CASES: dict[type[serializable.ViewType], frozenset[VulnerabilityScoreSource]] = dict()
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot4] = frozenset({
         VulnerabilityScoreSource.CVSS_V2,
         VulnerabilityScoreSource.CVSS_V3,
@@ -666,7 +667,7 @@ class _VulnerabilityScoreSourceSerializationHelper(serializable.helpers.BaseHelp
     __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot6] = __CASES[SchemaVersion1Dot5]
 
     @classmethod
-    def __normalize(cls, vss: VulnerabilityScoreSource, view: Type[serializable.ViewType]) -> str:
+    def __normalize(cls, vss: VulnerabilityScoreSource, view: type[serializable.ViewType]) -> str:
         return (
             vss
             if vss in cls.__CASES.get(view, ())
@@ -675,14 +676,14 @@ def __normalize(cls, vss: VulnerabilityScoreSource, view: Type[serializable.View
 
     @classmethod
     def json_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                       view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                       view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                        **__: Any) -> str:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
 
     @classmethod
     def xml_normalize(cls, o: Any, *,
-                      view: Optional[Type[serializable.ViewType]],
+                      view: Optional[type[serializable.ViewType]],
                       **__: Any) -> str:
         assert view is not None
         return cls.__normalize(o, view)
@@ -709,7 +710,7 @@ class VulnerabilitySeverity(str, Enum):
     UNKNOWN = 'unknown'
 
     @staticmethod
-    def get_from_cvss_scores(scores: Union[Tuple[float, ...], float, None]) -> 'VulnerabilitySeverity':
+    def get_from_cvss_scores(scores: Union[tuple[float, ...], float, None]) -> 'VulnerabilitySeverity':
         """
         Derives the Severity of a Vulnerability from it's declared CVSS scores.
 
diff --git a/cyclonedx/output/__init__.py b/cyclonedx/output/__init__.py
index 61868d43..95f66e0e 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/output/__init__.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/output/__init__.py
@@ -23,9 +23,10 @@
 
 import os
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping
 from itertools import chain
 from random import random
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Iterable, Literal, Mapping, Optional, Type, Union, overload
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional, Union, overload
 
 from ..schema import OutputFormat, SchemaVersion
 
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ def make_outputter(bom: 'Bom', output_format: OutputFormat, schema_version: Sche
     :return: BaseOutput
     """
     if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
-        BY_SCHEMA_VERSION: Mapping[SchemaVersion, Type[BaseOutput]]  # noqa:N806
+        BY_SCHEMA_VERSION: Mapping[SchemaVersion, type[BaseOutput]]  # noqa:N806
     if OutputFormat.JSON is output_format:
         from .json import BY_SCHEMA_VERSION
     elif OutputFormat.XML is output_format:
diff --git a/cyclonedx/output/json.py b/cyclonedx/output/json.py
index bece526b..8caa7b90 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/output/json.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/output/json.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 from abc import abstractmethod
 from json import dumps as json_dumps, loads as json_loads
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Literal, Optional, Type, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional, Union
 
 from ..exception.output import FormatNotSupportedException
 from ..schema import OutputFormat, SchemaVersion
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class Json(BaseOutput, BaseSchemaVersion):
 
     def __init__(self, bom: 'Bom') -> None:
         super().__init__(bom=bom)
-        self._bom_json: Dict[str, Any] = dict()
+        self._bom_json: dict[str, Any] = dict()
 
     @property
     def schema_version(self) -> SchemaVersion:
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def generate(self, force_regeneration: bool = False) -> None:
         bom = self.get_bom()
         bom.validate()
         with BomRefDiscriminator.from_bom(bom):
-            bom_json: Dict[str, Any] = json_loads(
+            bom_json: dict[str, Any] = json_loads(
                 bom.as_json(  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
                     view_=_view))
         bom_json.update(_json_core)
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def _get_schema_uri(self) -> str:
         return 'http://cyclonedx.org/schema/bom-1.6.schema.json'
 
 
-BY_SCHEMA_VERSION: Dict[SchemaVersion, Type[Json]] = {
+BY_SCHEMA_VERSION: dict[SchemaVersion, type[Json]] = {
     SchemaVersion.V1_6: JsonV1Dot6,
     SchemaVersion.V1_5: JsonV1Dot5,
     SchemaVersion.V1_4: JsonV1Dot4,
diff --git a/cyclonedx/output/xml.py b/cyclonedx/output/xml.py
index 604b6297..7121999f 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/output/xml.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/output/xml.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Literal, Optional, Type, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional, Union
 from xml.dom.minidom import parseString as dom_parseString  # nosec B408
 from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element as XmlElement, tostring as xml_dumps  # nosec B405
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ class XmlV1Dot6(Xml, SchemaVersion1Dot6):
     pass
 
 
-BY_SCHEMA_VERSION: Dict[SchemaVersion, Type[Xml]] = {
+BY_SCHEMA_VERSION: dict[SchemaVersion, type[Xml]] = {
     SchemaVersion.V1_6: XmlV1Dot6,
     SchemaVersion.V1_5: XmlV1Dot5,
     SchemaVersion.V1_4: XmlV1Dot4,
diff --git a/cyclonedx/schema/__init__.py b/cyclonedx/schema/__init__.py
index 0b74ec7d..cb57d8ef 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/schema/__init__.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/schema/__init__.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 
 from enum import Enum, auto, unique
-from typing import Any, Type, TypeVar
+from typing import Any, TypeVar
 
 
 @unique
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class SchemaVersion(Enum):
     V1_0 = (1, 0)
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_version(cls: Type[_SV], version: str) -> _SV:
+    def from_version(cls: type[_SV], version: str) -> _SV:
         """Return instance based of a version string - e.g. `1.4`"""
         return cls(tuple(map(int, version.split('.')))[:2])
 
diff --git a/cyclonedx/schema/_res/__init__.py b/cyclonedx/schema/_res/__init__.py
index 8ce859cc..3a967883 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/schema/_res/__init__.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/schema/_res/__init__.py
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@
 
 
 from os.path import dirname, join
-from typing import Dict, Optional
+from typing import Optional
 
 from .. import SchemaVersion
 
 __DIR = dirname(__file__)
 
-BOM_XML: Dict[SchemaVersion, Optional[str]] = {
+BOM_XML: dict[SchemaVersion, Optional[str]] = {
     SchemaVersion.V1_6: join(__DIR, 'bom-1.6.SNAPSHOT.xsd'),
     SchemaVersion.V1_5: join(__DIR, 'bom-1.5.SNAPSHOT.xsd'),
     SchemaVersion.V1_4: join(__DIR, 'bom-1.4.SNAPSHOT.xsd'),
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     SchemaVersion.V1_0: join(__DIR, 'bom-1.0.SNAPSHOT.xsd'),
 }
 
-BOM_JSON: Dict[SchemaVersion, Optional[str]] = {
+BOM_JSON: dict[SchemaVersion, Optional[str]] = {
     SchemaVersion.V1_6: join(__DIR, 'bom-1.6.SNAPSHOT.schema.json'),
     SchemaVersion.V1_5: join(__DIR, 'bom-1.5.SNAPSHOT.schema.json'),
     SchemaVersion.V1_4: join(__DIR, 'bom-1.4.SNAPSHOT.schema.json'),
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     SchemaVersion.V1_0: None,
 }
 
-BOM_JSON_STRICT: Dict[SchemaVersion, Optional[str]] = {
+BOM_JSON_STRICT: dict[SchemaVersion, Optional[str]] = {
     SchemaVersion.V1_6: BOM_JSON[SchemaVersion.V1_6],
     SchemaVersion.V1_5: BOM_JSON[SchemaVersion.V1_5],
     SchemaVersion.V1_4: BOM_JSON[SchemaVersion.V1_4],
diff --git a/cyclonedx/schema/schema.py b/cyclonedx/schema/schema.py
index a51686e9..b29b22da 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/schema/schema.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/schema/schema.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Dict, Literal, Type
+from typing import Literal
 
 from py_serializable import ViewType
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def schema_version_enum(self) -> Literal[SchemaVersion.V1_0]:
         return SchemaVersion.V1_0
 
 
-SCHEMA_VERSIONS: Dict[SchemaVersion, Type[BaseSchemaVersion]] = {
+SCHEMA_VERSIONS: dict[SchemaVersion, type[BaseSchemaVersion]] = {
     SchemaVersion.V1_6: SchemaVersion1Dot6,
     SchemaVersion.V1_5: SchemaVersion1Dot5,
     SchemaVersion.V1_4: SchemaVersion1Dot4,
diff --git a/cyclonedx/spdx.py b/cyclonedx/spdx.py
index 9781af54..c87d9a19 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/spdx.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/spdx.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 ]
 
 from json import load as json_load
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, Optional, Set
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
 
 from license_expression import get_spdx_licensing  # type:ignore[import-untyped]
 
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@
 
 # !!! this requires to ship the actual schema data with the package.
 with open(__SPDX_JSON_SCHEMA) as schema:
-    __IDS: Set[str] = set(json_load(schema).get('enum', []))
+    __IDS: set[str] = set(json_load(schema).get('enum', []))
 assert len(__IDS) > 0, 'known SPDX-IDs should be non-empty set'
 
-__IDS_LOWER_MAP: Dict[str, str] = dict((id_.lower(), id_) for id_ in __IDS)
+__IDS_LOWER_MAP: dict[str, str] = dict((id_.lower(), id_) for id_ in __IDS)
 
 __SPDX_EXPRESSION_LICENSING: 'Licensing' = get_spdx_licensing()
 
diff --git a/cyclonedx/validation/json.py b/cyclonedx/validation/json.py
index ebdd01e0..7e6dcf0b 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/validation/json.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/validation/json.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 from abc import ABC
 from json import loads as json_loads
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional
 
 from ..schema import OutputFormat
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 from ..schema._res import BOM_JSON as _S_BOM, BOM_JSON_STRICT as _S_BOM_STRICT, JSF as _S_JSF, SPDX_JSON as _S_SPDX
 from . import BaseSchemabasedValidator, SchemabasedValidator, ValidationError
 
-_missing_deps_error: Optional[Tuple[MissingOptionalDependencyException, ImportError]] = None
+_missing_deps_error: Optional[tuple[MissingOptionalDependencyException, ImportError]] = None
 try:
     from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError as JsonValidationError  # type:ignore[import-untyped]
     from jsonschema.validators import Draft7Validator  # type:ignore[import-untyped]
diff --git a/cyclonedx/validation/xml.py b/cyclonedx/validation/xml.py
index 2ba79890..6df74244 100644
--- a/cyclonedx/validation/xml.py
+++ b/cyclonedx/validation/xml.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 __all__ = ['XmlValidator']
 
 from abc import ABC
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional
 
 from ..exception import MissingOptionalDependencyException
 from ..schema import OutputFormat
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
     from ..schema import SchemaVersion
 
-_missing_deps_error: Optional[Tuple[MissingOptionalDependencyException, ImportError]] = None
+_missing_deps_error: Optional[tuple[MissingOptionalDependencyException, ImportError]] = None
 try:
     from lxml.etree import (  # type:ignore[import-untyped] # nosec B410
         XMLParser,
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index aa027a52..1c1260f6 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ classifiers = [
   'Topic :: Software Development',
   'Topic :: System :: Software Distribution',
   'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
-  'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
   'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
   'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
   'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ keywords = [
 "Funding" = "https://owasp.org/donate/?reponame=www-project-cyclonedx&title=OWASP+CycloneDX"
 
 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
-python = "^3.8"
+python = "^3.9"
 packageurl-python = ">=0.11, <2"
 py-serializable =  "^2.0.0"
 sortedcontainers = "^2.4.0"
@@ -83,22 +82,22 @@ xml-validation = ["lxml"]
 
 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
 ddt = "1.7.2"
-coverage = "7.6.1"
-flake8 = { version="7.1.2", python=">=3.8.1" }
-flake8-annotations = { version="3.1.1", python=">=3.8.1" }
-flake8-bugbear = { version="24.12.12", python=">=3.8.1" }
+coverage = "7.8.0"
+flake8 = "7.2.0"
+flake8-annotations = "3.1.1"
+flake8-bugbear = "24.12.12"
 flake8-copyright-validator = "0.0.1"
-flake8-isort = "6.1.1"
+flake8-isort = "6.1.2" 
 flake8-quotes = "3.4.0"
 flake8-use-fstring = "1.4"
 pep8-naming = "0.14.1"
-isort = "5.13.2"
-autopep8 = "2.3.1"
-mypy = "1.14.1"
+isort = "6.0.1"
+autopep8 = "2.3.2"
+mypy = "1.15.0"
 tomli = { version = "2.2.1", python = "<3.11" }
 tox = "4.25.0"
 xmldiff = "2.7.0"
-bandit = "1.7.10"
+bandit = "1.8.3"
 
 [tool.semantic_release]
 # see https://python-semantic-release.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html
diff --git a/tests/__init__.py b/tests/__init__.py
index 93111a22..9c664cc3 100644
--- a/tests/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/__init__.py
@@ -17,8 +17,9 @@
 
 import re
 import sys
+from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable
 from os import getenv, path
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Generator, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, TypeVar, Union
 from unittest import TestCase
 from uuid import UUID
 
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ def assertDependenciesFuzzyEqual(self: TestCase,  # noqa: N802
             self.assertEqual(0, len(d.dependencies), f'unexpected dependencies for {d.ref}')
 
 
-def reorder(items: List[_T], indexes: List[int]) -> List[_T]:
+def reorder(items: list[_T], indexes: list[int]) -> list[_T]:
     """
     Return list of items in the order indicated by indexes.
     """
@@ -186,14 +187,14 @@ def mksname(purpose: Union[Any], sv: SchemaVersion, f: OutputFormat) -> str:
     return f'{_get_purpose_as_str(purpose)}-{sv.to_version()}.{_SNAME_EXT[f]}'
 
 
-class DpTuple(Tuple[SchemaVersion, str]):
+class DpTuple(tuple[SchemaVersion, str]):
     @property
     def __name__(self) -> str:
         schema_version, test_data_file = self
         return f'{schema_version.to_version()}-{path.splitext(path.basename(test_data_file))[0]}'
 
 
-def load_pyproject() -> Dict[str, Any]:
+def load_pyproject() -> dict[str, Any]:
     if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
         from tomllib import load as toml_load
     else:
diff --git a/tests/_data/models.py b/tests/_data/models.py
index 6a25c552..24ec42eb 100644
--- a/tests/_data/models.py
+++ b/tests/_data/models.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from decimal import Decimal
 from inspect import getmembers, isfunction
-from typing import Any, List, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Optional
 from uuid import UUID
 
 # See https://github.com/package-url/packageurl-python/issues/65
@@ -875,7 +875,7 @@ def get_pedigree_1() -> Pedigree:
     )
 
 
-def get_properties_1() -> List[Property]:
+def get_properties_1() -> list[Property]:
     return [
         Property(name='key1', value='val1'),
         Property(name='key2', value='val2')
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ def get_bom_metadata_licenses_invalid() -> Bom:
     return Bom(metadata=BomMetaData(licenses=get_invalid_license_repository()))
 
 
-def get_invalid_license_repository() -> List[License]:
+def get_invalid_license_repository() -> list[License]:
     """
     license expression and a license -- this is an invalid constellation according to schema
     see https://github.com/CycloneDX/specification/pull/205
@@ -1261,7 +1261,7 @@ def get_bom_for_issue_598_multiple_components_with_purl_qualifiers() -> Bom:
     ])
 
 
-def bom_all_same_bomref() -> Tuple[Bom, int]:
+def bom_all_same_bomref() -> tuple[Bom, int]:
     bom = Bom()
     bom.metadata.component = Component(name='root', bom_ref='foo', components=[
         Component(name='root.sub', bom_ref='foo')])
diff --git a/tests/test_builder_this.py b/tests/test_builder_this.py
index 2e56b317..f200410d 100644
--- a/tests/test_builder_this.py
+++ b/tests/test_builder_this.py
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
-from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, Tuple, Union
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Any, Union
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from cyclonedx.builder.this import this_component, this_tool
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ def __first_ers_uri(t: ExternalReferenceType, ers: Iterable[ExternalReference])
 
     def assertExtRefs(  # noqa:N802
         self: Union[TestCase, 'ExtRefsTestMixin'],
-        p: Dict[str, Any], ers: Iterable[ExternalReference]
+        p: dict[str, Any], ers: Iterable[ExternalReference]
     ) -> None:
         self.assertEqual(p['tool']['poetry']['homepage'], self.__first_ers_uri(
             ExternalReferenceType.WEBSITE, ers))
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ def test_basics(self) -> None:
 
     def test_license(self) -> None:
         p = load_pyproject()
-        ls: Tuple[License, ...] = tuple(this_component().licenses)
+        ls: tuple[License, ...] = tuple(this_component().licenses)
         self.assertEqual(1, len(ls))
         l = ls[0]  # noqa:E741
         self.assertIs(LicenseAcknowledgement.DECLARED, l.acknowledgement)
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ def test_license(self) -> None:
 
     def test_extrefs(self) -> None:
         p = load_pyproject()
-        ers: Tuple[ExternalReference, ...] = tuple(this_component().external_references)
+        ers: tuple[ExternalReference, ...] = tuple(this_component().external_references)
         self.assertExtRefs(p, ers)
 
 
@@ -80,5 +81,5 @@ def test_basics(self) -> None:
 
     def test_extrefs(self) -> None:
         p = load_pyproject()
-        ers: Tuple[ExternalReference, ...] = tuple(this_tool().external_references)
+        ers: tuple[ExternalReference, ...] = tuple(this_tool().external_references)
         self.assertExtRefs(p, ers)
diff --git a/tests/test_deserialize_json.py b/tests/test_deserialize_json.py
index 0b6bf9d2..21ee621f 100644
--- a/tests/test_deserialize_json.py
+++ b/tests/test_deserialize_json.py
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from json import loads as json_loads
 from os.path import join
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from typing import Any
 from unittest import TestCase
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
diff --git a/tests/test_deserialize_xml.py b/tests/test_deserialize_xml.py
index 26cc34ec..3f213aef 100644
--- a/tests/test_deserialize_xml.py
+++ b/tests/test_deserialize_xml.py
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
 from unittest import TestCase
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
diff --git a/tests/test_enums.py b/tests/test_enums.py
index 27c37def..48138876 100644
--- a/tests/test_enums.py
+++ b/tests/test_enums.py
@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 
+from collections.abc import Generator, Iterable
 from enum import Enum
 from itertools import chain
 from json import load as json_load
-from typing import Any, Generator, Iterable, Tuple, Type
+from typing import Any
 from unittest import TestCase
 from warnings import warn
 from xml.etree.ElementTree import parse as xml_parse  # nosec B405
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ def dp_cases_from_json_schemas(*jsonpointer: str) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
 
 class _EnumTestCase(TestCase, SnapshotMixin):
 
-    def _test_knows_value(self, enum: Type[Enum], value: str) -> None:
+    def _test_knows_value(self, enum: type[Enum], value: str) -> None:
         ec = enum(value)  # throws valueError if value unknown
         self.assertTrue(ec.name)  # TODO test for an expected name
 
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ class _DP_ComponentType():  # noqa: N801
     JSON_SCHEMA_POINTER = ('definitions', 'component', 'properties', 'type')
 
     @classmethod
-    def unsupported_cases(cls) -> Generator[Tuple[str, OutputFormat, SchemaVersion, ComponentType], None, None]:
+    def unsupported_cases(cls) -> Generator[tuple[str, OutputFormat, SchemaVersion, ComponentType], None, None]:
         for name, of, sv in NAMED_OF_SV:
             if OutputFormat.XML is of:
                 schema_cases = set(dp_cases_from_xml_schema(SCHEMA_XML[sv], cls.XML_SCHEMA_XPATH))
diff --git a/tests/test_model_bom.py b/tests/test_model_bom.py
index 1c490a8a..d47e2466 100644
--- a/tests/test_model_bom.py
+++ b/tests/test_model_bom.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 import warnings
-from typing import Callable, Tuple
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from unittest import TestCase
 from uuid import uuid4
 
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ def test_get_component_by_purl(self) -> None:
         ('duplicate name(k)', ((Component(name='A', bom_ref='A1'), tuple()),
                                (Component(name='A', bom_ref='A2'), tuple()))),
     )
-    def test_register_dependency(self, dependencies: Tuple[Tuple[Component, Tuple[Component, ...]], ...]) -> None:
+    def test_register_dependency(self, dependencies: tuple[tuple[Component, tuple[Component, ...]], ...]) -> None:
         bom = Bom()
         for d1, d2 in dependencies:
             bom.components.update((d1,), d2)
diff --git a/tests/test_model_component.py b/tests/test_model_component.py
index 3f893907..05cf278c 100644
--- a/tests/test_model_component.py
+++ b/tests/test_model_component.py
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 import datetime
-from typing import List
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from cyclonedx.model import (
@@ -185,7 +184,7 @@ def test_component_equal_1(self) -> None:
         self.assertEqual(c1, c2)
 
     def test_component_equal_2(self) -> None:
-        props: List[Property] = (
+        props: list[Property] = (
             Property(name='prop1', value='val1'),
             Property(name='prop2', value='val2'),
         )
diff --git a/tests/test_output.py b/tests/test_output.py
index 9d13855b..e29d12a3 100644
--- a/tests/test_output.py
+++ b/tests/test_output.py
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 
 
 from itertools import product
-from typing import Tuple
 from unittest import TestCase
 from unittest.mock import Mock
 
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ def test_as_expected(self, of: OutputFormat, sv: SchemaVersion) -> None:
         *(('foo', sv, (ValueError, "Unexpected output_format: 'foo'")) for sv in SchemaVersion),
     )
     @unpack
-    def test_fails_on_wrong_args(self, of: OutputFormat, sv: SchemaVersion, raises_regex: Tuple) -> None:
+    def test_fails_on_wrong_args(self, of: OutputFormat, sv: SchemaVersion, raises_regex: tuple) -> None:
         bom = Mock(spec=Bom)
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(*raises_regex):
             make_outputter(bom, of, sv)
diff --git a/tests/test_output_json.py b/tests/test_output_json.py
index 304a8fa1..0bc3f1e2 100644
--- a/tests/test_output_json.py
+++ b/tests/test_output_json.py
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 
 
 import re
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
 from unittest import TestCase
 from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
 from warnings import warn
diff --git a/tests/test_output_xml.py b/tests/test_output_xml.py
index e7ed5b88..2b1a16ee 100644
--- a/tests/test_output_xml.py
+++ b/tests/test_output_xml.py
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
 import re
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
 from unittest import TestCase
 from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
 from warnings import warn
diff --git a/tests/test_schema__res.py b/tests/test_schema__res.py
index 0107949b..4292aaf2 100644
--- a/tests/test_schema__res.py
+++ b/tests/test_schema__res.py
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
+from collections.abc import Generator
 from os.path import isfile
-from typing import Generator
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from ddt import ddt, idata
diff --git a/tests/test_validation.py b/tests/test_validation.py
index 7465cf78..c4d4e085 100644
--- a/tests/test_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_validation.py
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 
 
 from itertools import product
-from typing import Tuple
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from ddt import data, ddt, named_data, unpack
@@ -49,6 +48,6 @@ def test_as_expected(self, of: OutputFormat, sv: SchemaVersion) -> None:
         *((f, v, (ValueError, 'Unsupported schema_version')) for f, v in UNDEFINED_FORMAT_VERSION)
     )
     @unpack
-    def test_fails_on_wrong_args(self, of: OutputFormat, sv: SchemaVersion, raises_regex: Tuple) -> None:
+    def test_fails_on_wrong_args(self, of: OutputFormat, sv: SchemaVersion, raises_regex: tuple) -> None:
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(*raises_regex):
             make_schemabased_validator(of, sv)
diff --git a/tests/test_validation_xml.py b/tests/test_validation_xml.py
index 8ec04d71..d5fcbb0f 100644
--- a/tests/test_validation_xml.py
+++ b/tests/test_validation_xml.py
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 # Copyright (c) OWASP Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
 
+from collections.abc import Generator
 from glob import iglob
 from itertools import chain
 from os.path import join
-from typing import Generator
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from ddt import ddt, idata, unpack
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index 4eace2fc..88c3d0de 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ minversion = 4.0
 envlist =
     flake8
     mypy-{current,lowest}
-    py{313,312,311,310,39,38}-{allExtras,noExtras}
+    py{313,312,311,310,39}-{allExtras,noExtras}
     bandit
 skip_missing_interpreters = True
 usedevelop = False
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ setenv =
 commands =
     # mypy config is in own file: `.mypy.ini`
     !lowest: poetry run mypy
-     lowest: poetry run mypy --python-version=3.8
+     lowest: poetry run mypy --python-version=3.9
 
 [testenv:flake8]
 commands =
diff --git a/typings/sortedcontainers.pyi b/typings/sortedcontainers.pyi
index c9167837..5959205f 100644
--- a/typings/sortedcontainers.pyi
+++ b/typings/sortedcontainers.pyi
@@ -3,19 +3,8 @@
 # The contents of this file were obtained from
 #  https://github.com/althonos/python-sortedcontainers/blob/d0a225d7fd0fb4c54532b8798af3cbeebf97e2d5/sortedcontainers/sortedset.pyi
 
-from typing import (  # Iterator,; Tuple,; Type, Set
-    Any,
-    Callable,
-    Hashable,
-    Iterable,
-    List,
-    MutableSet,
-    Optional,
-    Sequence,
-    TypeVar,
-    Union,
-    overload,
-)
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, MutableSet, Sequence
+from typing import Any, Hashable, Optional, TypeVar, Union, overload  # Iterator,; Tuple,; Type, Set
 
 # --- Global
 
@@ -40,7 +29,7 @@ class SortedSet(MutableSet[_T], Sequence[_T]):
     # @overload
     # def __getitem__(self, index: int) -> _T: ...
     @overload
-    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> List[_T]: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, index: slice) -> list[_T]: ...
     # def __delitem__(self, index: Union[int, slice]) -> None: ...
     # def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool: ...
     # def __ne__(self, other: Any) -> bool: ...