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jmtlawrie opened this issue Apr 1, 2025 · 1 comment
Open

DimensionError when a variable's unit is compared to a symbolic representation of a quantity within a user defined function #3524

jmtlawrie opened this issue Apr 1, 2025 · 1 comment
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Describe the bug 🐞

A DimensionError is returned when physical units defined for a model are validated during @mtkbuild operation, where the model passes a model variable to a user defined function.

The error message appears to suggest that the validation is trying to compare the units of a model variable with a symbolic representation of the Quantity returned by the user defined function, rather than the units of this quantity.

Expected behavior

The unit validation of the model check to be applied to the unit of the quantity returned by a user defined function, rather than a symbolic representation of the returned Quantity.

Minimal Reproducible Example 👇

For a version without any Unitful.jl units, but otherwise modeling the same thing without a problem, please see the MWE below with title 'MWE no units'.

MWE with units

using ModelingToolkit, OrdinaryDiffEq
using Unitful
using ModelingToolkit: t_unitful as t, D_unitful as D

# Use function for remvoing units from ModelingToolkit documentation
remove_units(p::Dict) = Dict(k => ustrip(v) for (k, v) in p)

function CSA_of_cone(
        fill_height; 
        cone_height = 1u"m",
        cone_angle = (π/12)u"rad",  # angle between cone base and vertex
    )   
    r = (cone_height - fill_height)/tan(uconvert(u"rad", cone_angle))
    return uconvert(u"m^2", π*(r^2))
end

# Define components like in ModelingToolkitStandardLibrary, but with Unitful units defined
@connector HydraulicPort begin
    @variables begin
        p(t), [unit = upreferred(u"Pa")]
        ṁ(t), [unit = upreferred(u"kg/s"), connect = Flow]
    end
end

@mtkmodel PressureReference begin
    @parameters begin
        p = 101325, [unit = upreferred(u"Pa"), description = "Fixed reference pressure"]
    end

    @components begin
        port = HydraulicPort(name = :port)
    end

    @equations begin
        port.p ~ p
    end
    
end

@mtkmodel FixedMassFlow begin
    @parameters begin
        ṁ = 1, [unit = upreferred(u"kg/s"), description = "Fixed massflow"]
    end

    @components begin
        port = HydraulicPort(name = :port)
    end

    @equations begin
        port.ṁ ~ -ṁ # negative sign because it flows out of here
    end
    
end

# Define a cone shape which we can fill with fluid
@mtkmodel Cone begin
    @parameters begin
        cone_height = 1, [unit = upreferred(u"m"), description = "Cone height"]
        cone_angle = (π/12), [unit = upreferred(u"rad"), description = "Cone angle"]
    end

    @components begin
        atm_port = HydraulicPort(name = :atm_port)
        fill_port = HydraulicPort(name = :fill_port)
    end

    @constants begin
        ρ = 1000, [unit = upreferred(u"kg/(m^3)"), description = "Fluid density"]
        g = 9.81, [unit = upreferred(u"m/(s^2)"), description = "Gravitational acceleration"]
    end

    @variables begin
        m(t), [unit = upreferred(u"kg"), description = "Fluid mass in cone"]  
        h(t), [unit = upreferred(u"m"), description = "Fluid level in cone"]  
        p(t), [unit = upreferred(u"Pa"), description = "Pressure at cone base"]
        A(t), [unit = upreferred(u"m^2"), description = "Cone cross section area at fluid level in cone"]
    end

    @equations begin
        A ~ CSA_of_cone(h; cone_height = cone_height, cone_angle = cone_angle)
        D(m) ~ fill_port.ṁ
        D(h) ~ D(m)/(ρ*A)
        p ~ atm_port.p + (ρ*g*h)
    end
end

@mtkmodel ConeFill begin
    @components begin
        pressure_reference = PressureReference(name = :pressure_reference)
        fixed_mass_flow = FixedMassFlow(name = :fixed_mass_flow)
        cone = Cone(name = :cone)
    end

    @equations begin
        connect(pressure_reference.port, cone.atm_port)
        connect(fixed_mass_flow.port, cone.fill_port)
    end

end

@mtkbuild sys = ConeFill()
prob = ODEProblem(sys, 
    remove_units(Dict(
        sys.cone.m => 0u"m", 
        sys.cone.h => 0u"m", 
    )), 
    (0, 1),
    remove_units(Dict(
        sys.fixed_mass_flow.ṁ => 15u"kg/s",
        sys.cone.cone_angle => (π/24)u"rad",
    )),
)
sol = solve(prob; saveat = 0.1)

MWE no units

using ModelingToolkit, OrdinaryDiffEq
using ModelingToolkit: t_nounits as t, D_nounits as D

function CSA_of_right_cone(
        fill_height;        # m
        cone_height = 1,    # m
        cone_angle = π/12,  # rad, angle between cone base and vertex
    )   
    r = (cone_height - fill_height)/tan(cone_angle)  # m
    return π*(r^2)          # m²
end

function cone_volume(;
        cone_height = 1,    # m
        cone_angle = π/12,  # rad
    )
    return 1//3 * π * cone_height * (cone_height/tan(cone_angle))^2
end

# Define components like in ModelingToolkitStandardLibrary, but with Unitful units defined
@connector HydraulicPort begin
    @variables begin
        p(t)                    # Pa
        ṁ(t), [connect = Flow]  # kg/s
    end
end

@mtkmodel PressureReference begin
    @parameters begin
        p = 101325, [description = "Fixed reference pressure"]  # Pa
    end

    @components begin
        port = HydraulicPort(name = :port)
    end

    @equations begin
        port.p ~ p
    end
    
end

@mtkmodel FixedMassFlow begin
    @parameters begin
        ṁ = 1, [description = "Fixed massflow"] # kg/s
    end

    @components begin
        port = HydraulicPort(name = :port)
    end

    @equations begin
        port.ṁ ~ -ṁ
    end
    
end

# Define a cone shape which we can fill with fluid
@mtkmodel Cone begin
    @parameters begin
        cone_height = 1, [description = "Cone height"]   # m
        cone_angle = π/12, [description = "Cone angle"]  # rad
    end

    @components begin
        atm_port = HydraulicPort(name = :atm_port)
        fill_port = HydraulicPort(name = :fill_port)
    end

    @constants begin
        ρ = 1000, [description = "Fluid density"]               # kg/m³
        g = 9.81, [description = "Gravitational acceleration"]  # m/s²
    end

    @variables begin
        m(t), [description = "Fluid mass in cone"]  # kg
        h(t), [description = "Fluid level in cone"] # m
        p(t), [description = "Pressure at cone base"] # Pa
        A(t), [description = "Cone cross section area at fluid level in cone"] # m²
    end

    @equations begin
        A ~ CSA_of_cone(h; cone_height = cone_height, cone_angle = cone_angle)
        D(m) ~ fill_port.ṁ
        D(h) ~ D(m)/(ρ*A)
        p ~ atm_port.p + (ρ*g*h)
    end
end

@mtkmodel ConeFill begin
    @components begin
        pressure_reference = PressureReference(name = :pressure_reference)
        fixed_mass_flow = FixedMassFlow(name = :fixed_mass_flow)
        cone = Cone(name = :cone)
    end

    @equations begin
        connect(pressure_reference.port, cone.atm_port)
        connect(fixed_mass_flow.port, cone.fill_port)
    end

end

@mtkbuild sys = ConeFill()

prob = ODEProblem(
    sys, 
    Pair[
        sys.cone.m => 0, 
        sys.cone.h => 0, 
    ], 
    (0, 1),
    Pair[
        sys.fixed_mass_flow.ṁ => 15,
        sys.cone.cone_angle => π/24,
    ],
)
sol = solve(prob; saveat = 0.1)

Error & Stacktrace ⚠️

ERROR: DimensionError: m² and π(((cone_height - h(t)) / tan(cone_angle))^2) are not dimensionally compatible.
Stacktrace:
  [1] uconvert(a::Unitful.FreeUnits{(m²,), 𝐋², nothing}, x::Num)
    @ Unitful ~/.julia/packages/Unitful/nwwOk/src/conversion.jl:101
  [2] CSA_of_cone(fill_height::Num; cone_height::Num, cone_angle::Num)
    @ Main ~/Desktop/Projects/ModelingToolkitLearning/2025/MWEvariablearea_units.jl:15
  [3] #__Cone__#21
    @ ~/.julia/packages/ModelingToolkit/GfTIy/src/systems/model_parsing.jl:910 [inlined]
  [4] 
    @ Main ./none:0
  [5] (::ModelingToolkit.Model{typeof(__Cone__), Dict{Symbol, Any}})(; kw::@Kwargs{name::Symbol})
    @ ModelingToolkit ~/.julia/packages/ModelingToolkit/GfTIy/src/systems/model_parsing.jl:25
  [6] macro expansion
    @ ~/.julia/packages/ModelingToolkit/GfTIy/src/systems/abstractsystem.jl:2179 [inlined]
  [7] __ConeFill__(; name::Symbol, pressure_reference__name::Nothing, fixed_mass_flow__name::Nothing, cone__name::Nothing)
    @ Main ~/.julia/packages/ModelingToolkit/GfTIy/src/systems/model_parsing.jl:140
  [8] __ConeFill__
    @ ~/.julia/packages/ModelingToolkit/GfTIy/src/systems/model_parsing.jl:140 [inlined]
  [9] #_#386
    @ ~/.julia/packages/ModelingToolkit/GfTIy/src/systems/model_parsing.jl:25 [inlined]
 [10] top-level scope
    @ ~/.julia/packages/ModelingToolkit/GfTIy/src/systems/abstractsystem.jl:2179

Environment (please complete the following information):

  • Output of using Pkg; Pkg.status()
Status `~/Desktop/Projects/ModelingToolkitLearning/2025/MTKenv/Project.toml`
  [13f3f980] CairoMakie v0.13.2
  [06fc5a27] DynamicQuantities v1.8.0
  [961ee093] ModelingToolkit v9.70.0
  [16a59e39] ModelingToolkitStandardLibrary v2.19.1
  [1dea7af3] OrdinaryDiffEq v6.93.0
  [1986cc42] Unitful v1.22.0
  • Output of using Pkg; Pkg.status(; mode = PKGMODE_MANIFEST)
Status `~/Desktop/Projects/ModelingToolkitLearning/2025/MTKenv/Manifest.toml`
  [47edcb42] ADTypes v1.14.0
  [621f4979] AbstractFFTs v1.5.0
  [1520ce14] AbstractTrees v0.4.5
  [7d9f7c33] Accessors v0.1.42
  [79e6a3ab] Adapt v4.3.0
  [35492f91] AdaptivePredicates v1.2.0
  [66dad0bd] AliasTables v1.1.3
  [27a7e980] Animations v0.4.2
  [ec485272] ArnoldiMethod v0.4.0
  [4fba245c] ArrayInterface v7.18.0
  [4c555306] ArrayLayouts v1.11.1
  [67c07d97] Automa v1.1.0
  [13072b0f] AxisAlgorithms v1.1.0
  [39de3d68] AxisArrays v0.4.7
  [e2ed5e7c] Bijections v0.1.9
  [62783981] BitTwiddlingConvenienceFunctions v0.1.6
  [8e7c35d0] BlockArrays v1.5.0
  [70df07ce] BracketingNonlinearSolve v1.1.2
  [fa961155] CEnum v0.5.0
  [2a0fbf3d] CPUSummary v0.2.6
  [00ebfdb7] CSTParser v3.4.3
  [159f3aea] Cairo v1.1.1
  [13f3f980] CairoMakie v0.13.2
  [d360d2e6] ChainRulesCore v1.25.1
  [fb6a15b2] CloseOpenIntervals v0.1.13
  [a2cac450] ColorBrewer v0.4.1
  [35d6a980] ColorSchemes v3.29.0
  [3da002f7] ColorTypes v0.12.1
  [c3611d14] ColorVectorSpace v0.11.0
  [5ae59095] Colors v0.13.0
  [861a8166] Combinatorics v1.0.2
⌅ [a80b9123] CommonMark v0.8.16
  [38540f10] CommonSolve v0.2.4
  [bbf7d656] CommonSubexpressions v0.3.1
  [f70d9fcc] CommonWorldInvalidations v1.0.0
  [34da2185] Compat v4.16.0
  [b152e2b5] CompositeTypes v0.1.4
  [a33af91c] CompositionsBase v0.1.2
  [2569d6c7] ConcreteStructs v0.2.3
  [187b0558] ConstructionBase v1.5.8
  [d38c429a] Contour v0.6.3
  [adafc99b] CpuId v0.3.1
  [a8cc5b0e] Crayons v4.1.1
  [9a962f9c] DataAPI v1.16.0
  [864edb3b] DataStructures v0.18.22
  [e2d170a0] DataValueInterfaces v1.0.0
  [927a84f5] DelaunayTriangulation v1.6.4
  [2b5f629d] DiffEqBase v6.167.2
  [459566f4] DiffEqCallbacks v4.3.0
  [77a26b50] DiffEqNoiseProcess v5.24.1
  [163ba53b] DiffResults v1.1.0
  [b552c78f] DiffRules v1.15.1
  [a0c0ee7d] DifferentiationInterface v0.6.50
  [8d63f2c5] DispatchDoctor v0.4.19
  [31c24e10] Distributions v0.25.118
  [ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.4
  [5b8099bc] DomainSets v0.7.15
  [7c1d4256] DynamicPolynomials v0.6.1
  [06fc5a27] DynamicQuantities v1.8.0
  [4e289a0a] EnumX v1.0.5
  [f151be2c] EnzymeCore v0.8.8
  [429591f6] ExactPredicates v2.2.8
  [d4d017d3] ExponentialUtilities v1.27.0
  [e2ba6199] ExprTools v0.1.10
  [55351af7] ExproniconLite v0.10.14
  [411431e0] Extents v0.1.5
  [7a1cc6ca] FFTW v1.8.1
  [7034ab61] FastBroadcast v0.3.5
  [9aa1b823] FastClosures v0.3.2
  [442a2c76] FastGaussQuadrature v1.0.2
  [a4df4552] FastPower v1.1.2
  [5789e2e9] FileIO v1.17.0
⌅ [8fc22ac5] FilePaths v0.8.3
  [48062228] FilePathsBase v0.9.24
  [1a297f60] FillArrays v1.13.0
  [64ca27bc] FindFirstFunctions v1.4.1
  [6a86dc24] FiniteDiff v2.27.0
  [53c48c17] FixedPointNumbers v0.8.5
  [1fa38f19] Format v1.3.7
⌅ [f6369f11] ForwardDiff v0.10.38
  [b38be410] FreeType v4.1.1
  [663a7486] FreeTypeAbstraction v0.10.6
  [069b7b12] FunctionWrappers v1.1.3
  [77dc65aa] FunctionWrappersWrappers v0.1.3
  [d9f16b24] Functors v0.5.2
  [46192b85] GPUArraysCore v0.2.0
  [c145ed77] GenericSchur v0.5.4
  [68eda718] GeoFormatTypes v0.4.4
  [cf35fbd7] GeoInterface v1.4.1
  [5c1252a2] GeometryBasics v0.5.7
  [c27321d9] Glob v1.3.1
  [a2bd30eb] Graphics v1.1.3
  [86223c79] Graphs v1.12.1
  [3955a311] GridLayoutBase v0.11.1
  [42e2da0e] Grisu v1.0.2
  [34004b35] HypergeometricFunctions v0.3.28
  [615f187c] IfElse v0.1.1
  [2803e5a7] ImageAxes v0.6.12
  [c817782e] ImageBase v0.1.7
  [a09fc81d] ImageCore v0.10.5
  [82e4d734] ImageIO v0.6.9
  [bc367c6b] ImageMetadata v0.9.10
  [9b13fd28] IndirectArrays v1.0.0
  [d25df0c9] Inflate v0.1.5
  [18e54dd8] IntegerMathUtils v0.1.2
  [a98d9a8b] Interpolations v0.15.1
  [d1acc4aa] IntervalArithmetic v0.22.27
  [8197267c] IntervalSets v0.7.10
  [3587e190] InverseFunctions v0.1.17
  [92d709cd] IrrationalConstants v0.2.4
  [f1662d9f] Isoband v0.1.1
  [c8e1da08] IterTools v1.10.0
  [82899510] IteratorInterfaceExtensions v1.0.0
  [692b3bcd] JLLWrappers v1.7.0
  [682c06a0] JSON v0.21.4
  [ae98c720] Jieko v0.2.1
  [b835a17e] JpegTurbo v0.1.6
  [98e50ef6] JuliaFormatter v1.0.62
  [ccbc3e58] JumpProcesses v9.14.2
  [5ab0869b] KernelDensity v0.6.9
  [ba0b0d4f] Krylov v0.9.10
  [b964fa9f] LaTeXStrings v1.4.0
  [23fbe1c1] Latexify v0.16.6
  [10f19ff3] LayoutPointers v0.1.17
  [5078a376] LazyArrays v2.6.1
  [8cdb02fc] LazyModules v0.3.1
  [87fe0de2] LineSearch v0.1.4
  [d3d80556] LineSearches v7.3.0
  [7ed4a6bd] LinearSolve v3.7.2
  [2ab3a3ac] LogExpFunctions v0.3.29
  [d8e11817] MLStyle v0.4.17
  [1914dd2f] MacroTools v0.5.15
  [ee78f7c6] Makie v0.22.2
  [20f20a25] MakieCore v0.9.1
  [d125e4d3] ManualMemory v0.1.8
  [dbb5928d] MappedArrays v0.4.2
  [0a4f8689] MathTeXEngine v0.6.2
  [bb5d69b7] MaybeInplace v0.1.4
  [e1d29d7a] Missings v1.2.0
  [961ee093] ModelingToolkit v9.70.0
  [16a59e39] ModelingToolkitStandardLibrary v2.19.1
  [e94cdb99] MosaicViews v0.3.4
  [2e0e35c7] Moshi v0.3.5
  [46d2c3a1] MuladdMacro v0.2.4
  [102ac46a] MultivariatePolynomials v0.5.7
  [d8a4904e] MutableArithmetics v1.6.4
  [d41bc354] NLSolversBase v7.9.0
  [77ba4419] NaNMath v1.1.2
  [f09324ee] Netpbm v1.1.1
  [8913a72c] NonlinearSolve v4.5.0
  [be0214bd] NonlinearSolveBase v1.5.1
  [5959db7a] NonlinearSolveFirstOrder v1.3.0
  [9a2c21bd] NonlinearSolveQuasiNewton v1.2.0
  [26075421] NonlinearSolveSpectralMethods v1.1.0
  [510215fc] Observables v0.5.5
  [6fe1bfb0] OffsetArrays v1.16.0
  [52e1d378] OpenEXR v0.3.3
  [429524aa] Optim v1.12.0
  [bac558e1] OrderedCollections v1.8.0
  [1dea7af3] OrdinaryDiffEq v6.93.0
  [89bda076] OrdinaryDiffEqAdamsBashforthMoulton v1.2.0
  [6ad6398a] OrdinaryDiffEqBDF v1.3.0
  [bbf590c4] OrdinaryDiffEqCore v1.21.0
  [50262376] OrdinaryDiffEqDefault v1.3.0
  [4302a76b] OrdinaryDiffEqDifferentiation v1.4.0
  [9286f039] OrdinaryDiffEqExplicitRK v1.1.0
  [e0540318] OrdinaryDiffEqExponentialRK v1.4.0
  [becaefa8] OrdinaryDiffEqExtrapolation v1.5.0
  [5960d6e9] OrdinaryDiffEqFIRK v1.9.0
  [101fe9f7] OrdinaryDiffEqFeagin v1.1.0
  [d3585ca7] OrdinaryDiffEqFunctionMap v1.1.1
  [d28bc4f8] OrdinaryDiffEqHighOrderRK v1.1.0
  [9f002381] OrdinaryDiffEqIMEXMultistep v1.3.0
  [521117fe] OrdinaryDiffEqLinear v1.1.0
  [1344f307] OrdinaryDiffEqLowOrderRK v1.2.0
  [b0944070] OrdinaryDiffEqLowStorageRK v1.3.0
  [127b3ac7] OrdinaryDiffEqNonlinearSolve v1.5.0
  [c9986a66] OrdinaryDiffEqNordsieck v1.1.0
  [5dd0a6cf] OrdinaryDiffEqPDIRK v1.3.0
  [5b33eab2] OrdinaryDiffEqPRK v1.1.0
  [04162be5] OrdinaryDiffEqQPRK v1.1.0
  [af6ede74] OrdinaryDiffEqRKN v1.1.0
  [43230ef6] OrdinaryDiffEqRosenbrock v1.8.0
  [2d112036] OrdinaryDiffEqSDIRK v1.3.0
  [669c94d9] OrdinaryDiffEqSSPRK v1.2.1
  [e3e12d00] OrdinaryDiffEqStabilizedIRK v1.3.0
  [358294b1] OrdinaryDiffEqStabilizedRK v1.1.0
  [fa646aed] OrdinaryDiffEqSymplecticRK v1.3.0
  [b1df2697] OrdinaryDiffEqTsit5 v1.1.0
  [79d7bb75] OrdinaryDiffEqVerner v1.1.1
  [90014a1f] PDMats v0.11.33
  [f57f5aa1] PNGFiles v0.4.4
  [65ce6f38] PackageExtensionCompat v1.0.2
  [19eb6ba3] Packing v0.5.1
  [5432bcbf] PaddedViews v0.5.12
  [d96e819e] Parameters v0.12.3
  [69de0a69] Parsers v2.8.1
  [eebad327] PkgVersion v0.3.3
  [995b91a9] PlotUtils v1.4.3
  [e409e4f3] PoissonRandom v0.4.4
  [f517fe37] Polyester v0.7.16
  [1d0040c9] PolyesterWeave v0.2.2
  [647866c9] PolygonOps v0.1.2
  [85a6dd25] PositiveFactorizations v0.2.4
  [d236fae5] PreallocationTools v0.4.26
⌅ [aea7be01] PrecompileTools v1.2.1
  [21216c6a] Preferences v1.4.3
  [27ebfcd6] Primes v0.5.7
  [92933f4c] ProgressMeter v1.10.2
  [43287f4e] PtrArrays v1.3.0
  [4b34888f] QOI v1.0.1
  [1fd47b50] QuadGK v2.11.2
  [74087812] Random123 v1.7.0
  [e6cf234a] RandomNumbers v1.6.0
  [b3c3ace0] RangeArrays v0.3.2
  [c84ed2f1] Ratios v0.4.5
  [3cdcf5f2] RecipesBase v1.3.4
  [731186ca] RecursiveArrayTools v3.31.2
  [189a3867] Reexport v1.2.2
  [05181044] RelocatableFolders v1.0.1
  [ae029012] Requires v1.3.1
  [ae5879a3] ResettableStacks v1.1.1
  [79098fc4] Rmath v0.8.0
  [5eaf0fd0] RoundingEmulator v0.2.1
  [7e49a35a] RuntimeGeneratedFunctions v0.5.13
  [9dfe8606] SCCNonlinearSolve v1.0.0
  [fdea26ae] SIMD v3.7.1
  [94e857df] SIMDTypes v0.1.0
  [0bca4576] SciMLBase v2.81.0
  [19f34311] SciMLJacobianOperators v0.1.1
  [c0aeaf25] SciMLOperators v0.3.13
  [53ae85a6] SciMLStructures v1.7.0
  [6c6a2e73] Scratch v1.2.1
  [efcf1570] Setfield v1.1.2
  [65257c39] ShaderAbstractions v0.5.0
  [992d4aef] Showoff v1.0.3
  [73760f76] SignedDistanceFields v0.4.0
  [727e6d20] SimpleNonlinearSolve v2.2.0
  [699a6c99] SimpleTraits v0.9.4
  [ce78b400] SimpleUnPack v1.1.0
  [45858cf5] Sixel v0.1.3
  [a2af1166] SortingAlgorithms v1.2.1
  [47a9eef4] SparseDiffTools v2.24.0
  [0a514795] SparseMatrixColorings v0.4.14
  [276daf66] SpecialFunctions v2.5.0
  [860ef19b] StableRNGs v1.0.2
  [cae243ae] StackViews v0.1.1
  [aedffcd0] Static v1.2.0
  [0d7ed370] StaticArrayInterface v1.8.0
  [90137ffa] StaticArrays v1.9.13
  [1e83bf80] StaticArraysCore v1.4.3
  [10745b16] Statistics v1.11.1
  [82ae8749] StatsAPI v1.7.0
  [2913bbd2] StatsBase v0.34.4
  [4c63d2b9] StatsFuns v1.4.0
  [7792a7ef] StrideArraysCore v0.5.7
  [09ab397b] StructArrays v0.7.0
  [2efcf032] SymbolicIndexingInterface v0.3.38
  [19f23fe9] SymbolicLimits v0.2.2
  [d1185830] SymbolicUtils v3.25.0
  [0c5d862f] Symbolics v6.35.0
  [3783bdb8] TableTraits v1.0.1
  [bd369af6] Tables v1.12.0
  [ed4db957] TaskLocalValues v0.1.2
  [62fd8b95] TensorCore v0.1.1
  [8ea1fca8] TermInterface v2.0.0
  [1c621080] TestItems v1.0.0
  [8290d209] ThreadingUtilities v0.5.2
  [731e570b] TiffImages v0.11.3
  [a759f4b9] TimerOutputs v0.5.28
  [0796e94c] Tokenize v0.5.29
  [3bb67fe8] TranscodingStreams v0.11.3
  [410a4b4d] Tricks v0.1.10
  [981d1d27] TriplotBase v0.1.0
  [781d530d] TruncatedStacktraces v1.4.0
  [5c2747f8] URIs v1.5.2
  [3a884ed6] UnPack v1.0.2
  [1cfade01] UnicodeFun v0.4.1
  [1986cc42] Unitful v1.22.0
  [a7c27f48] Unityper v0.1.6
  [19fa3120] VertexSafeGraphs v0.2.0
  [897b6980] WeakValueDicts v0.1.0
  [e3aaa7dc] WebP v0.1.3
  [efce3f68] WoodburyMatrices v1.0.0
  [6e34b625] Bzip2_jll v1.0.9+0
  [4e9b3aee] CRlibm_jll v1.0.1+0
  [83423d85] Cairo_jll v1.18.4+0
  [5ae413db] EarCut_jll v2.2.4+0
  [2e619515] Expat_jll v2.6.5+0
⌅ [b22a6f82] FFMPEG_jll v6.1.2+0
  [f5851436] FFTW_jll v3.3.10+3
  [a3f928ae] Fontconfig_jll v2.15.0+0
  [d7e528f0] FreeType2_jll v2.13.4+0
  [559328eb] FriBidi_jll v1.0.16+0
  [78b55507] Gettext_jll v0.21.0+0
  [59f7168a] Giflib_jll v5.2.3+0
⌃ [7746bdde] Glib_jll v2.82.4+0
  [3b182d85] Graphite2_jll v1.3.14+1
  [2e76f6c2] HarfBuzz_jll v8.5.0+0
  [905a6f67] Imath_jll v3.1.11+0
  [1d5cc7b8] IntelOpenMP_jll v2025.0.4+0
  [aacddb02] JpegTurbo_jll v3.1.1+0
  [c1c5ebd0] LAME_jll v3.100.2+0
  [88015f11] LERC_jll v4.0.1+0
  [1d63c593] LLVMOpenMP_jll v18.1.7+0
  [dd4b983a] LZO_jll v2.10.3+0
⌅ [e9f186c6] Libffi_jll v3.2.2+2
  [d4300ac3] Libgcrypt_jll v1.11.0+0
  [7e76a0d4] Libglvnd_jll v1.7.0+0
  [7add5ba3] Libgpg_error_jll v1.51.1+0
  [94ce4f54] Libiconv_jll v1.18.0+0
  [4b2f31a3] Libmount_jll v2.41.0+0
  [89763e89] Libtiff_jll v4.7.1+0
  [38a345b3] Libuuid_jll v2.41.0+0
  [856f044c] MKL_jll v2025.0.1+1
  [e7412a2a] Ogg_jll v1.3.5+1
  [6cdc7f73] OpenBLASConsistentFPCSR_jll v0.3.29+0
  [18a262bb] OpenEXR_jll v3.2.4+0
  [458c3c95] OpenSSL_jll v3.0.16+0
  [efe28fd5] OpenSpecFun_jll v0.5.6+0
  [91d4177d] Opus_jll v1.3.3+0
  [36c8627f] Pango_jll v1.56.1+0
  [30392449] Pixman_jll v0.44.2+0
  [f50d1b31] Rmath_jll v0.5.1+0
  [02c8fc9c] XML2_jll v2.13.6+1
  [aed1982a] XSLT_jll v1.1.42+0
  [ffd25f8a] XZ_jll v5.6.4+1
  [4f6342f7] Xorg_libX11_jll v1.8.6+3
  [0c0b7dd1] Xorg_libXau_jll v1.0.12+0
  [a3789734] Xorg_libXdmcp_jll v1.1.5+0
  [1082639a] Xorg_libXext_jll v1.3.6+3
  [ea2f1a96] Xorg_libXrender_jll v0.9.11+1
  [14d82f49] Xorg_libpthread_stubs_jll v0.1.2+0
  [c7cfdc94] Xorg_libxcb_jll v1.17.0+3
  [c5fb5394] Xorg_xtrans_jll v1.5.1+0
  [3161d3a3] Zstd_jll v1.5.7+1
  [9a68df92] isoband_jll v0.2.3+0
  [a4ae2306] libaom_jll v3.11.0+0
  [0ac62f75] libass_jll v0.15.2+0
  [f638f0a6] libfdk_aac_jll v2.0.3+0
  [b53b4c65] libpng_jll v1.6.47+0
  [075b6546] libsixel_jll v1.10.5+0
  [f27f6e37] libvorbis_jll v1.3.7+2
  [c5f90fcd] libwebp_jll v1.5.0+0
  [1317d2d5] oneTBB_jll v2022.0.0+0
  [1270edf5] x264_jll v10164.0.1+0
⌅ [dfaa095f] x265_jll v3.6.0+0
  [0dad84c5] ArgTools v1.1.2
  [56f22d72] Artifacts v1.11.0
  [2a0f44e3] Base64 v1.11.0
  [8bf52ea8] CRC32c v1.11.0
  [ade2ca70] Dates v1.11.0
  [8ba89e20] Distributed v1.11.0
  [f43a241f] Downloads v1.6.0
  [7b1f6079] FileWatching v1.11.0
  [9fa8497b] Future v1.11.0
  [b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
  [4af54fe1] LazyArtifacts v1.11.0
  [b27032c2] LibCURL v0.6.4
  [76f85450] LibGit2 v1.11.0
  [8f399da3] Libdl v1.11.0
  [37e2e46d] LinearAlgebra v1.11.0
  [56ddb016] Logging v1.11.0
  [d6f4376e] Markdown v1.11.0
  [a63ad114] Mmap v1.11.0
  [ca575930] NetworkOptions v1.2.0
  [44cfe95a] Pkg v1.11.0
  [de0858da] Printf v1.11.0
  [3fa0cd96] REPL v1.11.0
  [9a3f8284] Random v1.11.0
  [ea8e919c] SHA v0.7.0
  [9e88b42a] Serialization v1.11.0
  [1a1011a3] SharedArrays v1.11.0
  [6462fe0b] Sockets v1.11.0
  [2f01184e] SparseArrays v1.11.0
  [f489334b] StyledStrings v1.11.0
  [4607b0f0] SuiteSparse
  [fa267f1f] TOML v1.0.3
  [a4e569a6] Tar v1.10.0
  [8dfed614] Test v1.11.0
  [cf7118a7] UUIDs v1.11.0
  [4ec0a83e] Unicode v1.11.0
  [e66e0078] CompilerSupportLibraries_jll v1.1.1+0
  [deac9b47] LibCURL_jll v8.6.0+0
  [e37daf67] LibGit2_jll v1.7.2+0
  [29816b5a] LibSSH2_jll v1.11.0+1
  [c8ffd9c3] MbedTLS_jll v2.28.6+0
  [14a3606d] MozillaCACerts_jll v2023.12.12
  [4536629a] OpenBLAS_jll v0.3.27+1
  [05823500] OpenLibm_jll v0.8.1+4
  [efcefdf7] PCRE2_jll v10.42.0+1
  [bea87d4a] SuiteSparse_jll v7.7.0+0
  [83775a58] Zlib_jll v1.2.13+1
  [8e850b90] libblastrampoline_jll v5.11.0+0
  [8e850ede] nghttp2_jll v1.59.0+0
  [3f19e933] p7zip_jll v17.4.0+2
  • Output of versioninfo()
julia> versioninfo()
Julia Version 1.11.4
Commit 8561cc3d68d (2025-03-10 11:36 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org/ release
Platform Info:
  OS: macOS (x86_64-apple-darwin24.0.0)
  CPU: 4 × Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5250U CPU @ 1.60GHz
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-16.0.6 (ORCJIT, broadwell)
Threads: 1 default, 0 interactive, 1 GC (on 4 virtual cores)
Environment:
  JULIA_EDITOR = code
  JULIA_NUM_THREADS = 0

Additional context

I am still teaching myself how to use ModelingToolkit - if I overlooked something in the documentation which would resolve the DimensionError, please let me know where to look and this issue can be closed. Thank you!
@jmtlawrie jmtlawrie added the bug Something isn't working label Apr 1, 2025
@jmtlawrie
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Possibly related to: #3225

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