Add a "Gentle Introduction to Arrow / Record Batches"

[alamb]

Part of #7013

Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge?

As @efredine notes on #11290 / #11290 (comment):

The in-memory examples are concise and its easy to get the gist of what's going on. But it also throws people in to the deep end of the Arrow format which lacks a gentle introduction IMO. The Arrow-rs documentation gets immediately into the weeds!

Describe the solution you'd like

It's likely that many users might never even need to know or access the arrow format directly. They will just read and write to csv or parquet.

I don't think this needs to change, but perhaps what's missing is a section on how and when to use the Arrow format? A gentler introduction to Record Batches

Describe alternatives you've considered

Add a section to the user guide on "a gentle introduction to arrow"

Additional context

here is a ticke tracking such a thing upstream: apache/arrow-rs#4071

I actually think the basic content / structure could be copied from https://jorgecarleitao.github.io/arrow2/main/guide/ with the examples being updated to reflect arrow-rs

[Adez017]

take

[alamb]

Thank you @Adez017 -- I would personally suggest starting by porting some of the contents of https://jorgecarleitao.github.io/arrow2/main/guide/ into DataFUsion's docs

In terms of mechanism, I personally suggest making a PR into the arrow-rs repo: https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs and making the documentation doc comments in the arrow crate

This would mean they docs show up here:

• https://docs.rs/arrow/latest/arrow/index.html

And it will ensure the examples contine to run

I suggest starting with the sections

• Arrow format
• high level API

And see how that goes