vle_specific.php

<?php
// This file is part of Stack - http://stack.maths.ed.ac.uk/
//
// Stack is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Stack is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Stack.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

/**
 * Add description here!
 * @package    qtype_stack
 * @copyright  2024 University of Edinburgh.
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later.
 */

defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
global $CFG;
// This file defines question_display_options which the next class extends.
require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
require_once('questiondisplayoptions.php');

/**
 * A collection of things that are a bit VLE specific and have been
 * extracted from the general logic.
 *
 * If you are porting to another platform you should check these out
 * these are not going to stop you from progressing but you will need
 * these at some point.
 *
 * There are two main things here:
 *
 *   1. Permission checking, the future error message system will tune its
 *      verbosity based on whether the user is a teacher or not.
 *
 *   2. Attached file management, any links that need rewriting to
 *      access attached fiels should be handled by this. This is relevant
 *      for all bits of CASText.
 *
 *
 * Elsewhere there are other major things:
 *
 *   1. The JSXGraph block in the CASText system uses JavaScript and loads
 *      it through the system, you will probably need to replace the block,
 *      should be enough to replace the portion of the block pushing out
 *      the script and the script itself may require some tuning related
 *      to the JavaScript Module system. If you don't want to support
 *      binding of inputs to JSXGraphs, just throw the block away.
 *
 *      CASText blocks can be replaced during execution so you do not even
 *      need to touch the original file. Simply use the `register`-function
 *      in the block-factory to replace the class handling that particular
 *      block. Same logic can be used to add blocks if for example your file
 *      management would need a new one.
 *
 *   2. The inputs and their related JavaScripts, these are the difficult
 *      ones. Again replacing scripts and the loading logic for them can
 *      prove to be hard and you may even choose to live without
 *      the instant validation feature those scripts provide. Other than
 *      that the recommended way is to map whatever way you deal with
 *      $_POST or even $_GET data so that those inputs receive similar
 *      $response arrays as they would in Moodle. Mapping functions for
 *      dealing with the script handling would be a good idea, or dummy
 *      functions if one does not care about those.
 *
 *   3. Storage of the question, you can freely store thigns as you wish
 *      but it would be nice to have unique identifiers for all
 *      the things that the original Moodle database model has separated
 *      to tables. And naturally mapping to similar arrays/objects on
 *      on the code side will help.
 *
 */

/**
 * This answers the question whether the currently active user is
 * able to edit this question. Basically, editing user.
 *
 * If you are unable to answer this question simply return FALSE.
 */
function stack_user_can_edit_question($question): bool {
    // In Moodle we can get this directly from the question itself.
    return $question->has_cap('edit');
}

/**
 * This answers the question whether the currently active user is
 * able to view this question. Basically, have it present in something
 * that they are supposed to see.
 *
 * If you are unable to answer this question simply return TRUE.
 * This is currently used for [[textdownload]] and being able to figure
 * out a link to some other persons attempt is not really a problem.
 */
function stack_user_can_view_question($question): bool {
    // In Moodle we can get this directly from the question itself.
    return $question->has_cap('view');
}

/**
 * Attachement files and CASText2 compilation note:
 *  1. If your attacment url is entirelly static after the question
 *     has received its database IDs please write it open here.
 *  2. In Moodle the url includes usage specific identifiers and must
 *     therefore be written open at the point of usage.
 *  3. Due to that we use the [[pfs]]-block to carry relevant details
 *     around in the code so that the writing open step can access these
 *     details when need be and in Moodle the [[pfs]]-block does that.
 *  4. If you have simillar needs for urls being specific to the user
 *     or usage crate your own block like [[pfs]] and register it to
 *     the CASText system to do the rewriting.
 *  5! If you have that type of variance in handling you must not
 *     rewrite at this point as the result of these is stored as compiled
 *     CASText and will be used for all future users of this question.
 *  6. You may need to deal with permissions here as well if you track
 *     access separately based on the part of the question the file
 *     exists in.
 *
 *  7. Note that rewriting to static urls during question import is also
 *     an option but it means that one needs to do more complex things
 *     during export if one wants to export those questiosn with those
 *     files.
 */

/**
 * Rewrites or wraps in rewriting logic a given CASText string if it
 * includes placeholders for urls that need to be rewritten.
 *
 * If your system does not support any such urls just return the string
 * as is.
 */
function stack_castext_file_filter(string $castext, array $identifiers): string {
    if ($castext === '') {
        // Nothing to do with empty strings.
        return $castext;
    }

    // In Moodle these are easy to spot.
    if (mb_strpos($castext, '@@PLUGINFILE@@') !== false) {
        // We use the PFS block that has been specicifally
        // built for Moodle to pass on the relevant details.
        $block = '[[pfs';
        switch ($identifiers['field']) {
            case 'questiontext':
            case 'generalfeedback':
                $block .= ' component="question"';
                $block .= ' filearea="' . $identifiers['field'] . '"';
                $block .= ' itemid="' . $identifiers['questionid'] . '"';
                break;
            case 'questiondescription':
            case 'questionnote':
            case 'specificfeedback':
            case 'prtcorrect': // These three are not in actual use.
            case 'prtpartiallycorrect':
            case 'prtincorrect':
                $block .= ' component="qtype_stack"';
                $block .= ' filearea="' . $identifiers['field'] . '"';
                $block .= ' itemid="' . $identifiers['questionid'] . '"';
                break;
            case 'prtnodetruefeedback':
            case 'prtnodefalsefeedback':
                $block .= ' component="qtype_stack"';
                $block .= ' filearea="' . $identifiers['field'] . '"';
                $block .= ' itemid="' . $identifiers['prtnodeid'] . '"';
                break;
        }
        $block .= ']]';
        return $block . $castext . '[[/pfs]]';
    }
    return $castext;
}

/**
 * This function returns the version number of the current Moodle.
 */
function stack_determine_moodle_version() {
    $v = get_config('moodle');
    return($v->branch);
}

/**
 * This function returns fully defined URL for a file present in
 * the `corsscripts` directory. Either mapped through logic that
 * modifies headers or a direct link.
 */
function stack_cors_link(string $filename): string {
    if (get_config('qtype_stack', 'stackapi')) {
        return '/cors.php?name=' . $filename;
    } else {
        return (new moodle_url(
                '/question/type/stack/corsscripts/cors.php', ['name' => $filename]))->out(false);
    }
}

/**
 * Gets the URL used for MathJax, might be VLE local.
 */
function stack_get_mathjax_url(): string {
    // TO-DO: figure out how to support VLE local with CORS.
    $mathjaxconfigurl = get_config('filter_mathjaxloader', 'httpsurl');
    if ($mathjaxconfigurl) {
        $questionpos = strpos($mathjaxconfigurl, '?');
        if ($questionpos !== false) {
            $querystring = substr($mathjaxconfigurl, $questionpos + 1);
            $urlstring = substr($mathjaxconfigurl, 0, $questionpos);
            parse_str($querystring, $queryparams);
            $queryparams = array_merge(['config' => 'TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML'], $queryparams);
            $querystring = http_build_query($queryparams, '', '&', PHP_QUERY_RFC3986);
            $url = $urlstring . '?' . $querystring;
        } else {
            $url = $mathjaxconfigurl . '?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML';
        }

        return $url;
    } else {
        return 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@2.7.9/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML';
    }
}

/**
 * Gets the url for MathJax 3.
 */
function stack_get_mathjax3_url() {
    return 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js';
}

/**
 * Give the VLE a chance to clear any question cache.
 */
function stack_clear_vle_question_cache(int $questionid) {
    question_bank::notify_question_edited($questionid);
}

/**
 * This is needed to put links to the STACK question dashboard into the question.
 */
function question_display_options() {
    $options = new qtype_stack_question_display_options();
    $options->readonly = true;
    $options->flags = question_display_options::HIDDEN;
    $options->suppressruntestslink = true;
    return $options;
}

/*
 * This uses whatever methods the VLE wants to use to fetch included urls
 * for the inclusion methods and can do caching at the request level.
 *
 * The requirements are as follows:
 *  1. Must not cache, over multiple requests, the inclusion must use
 *     remote version at the time of inclusion.
 *  2. Supports inclusion from http(s)://, contrib(l):// and template(l)://
 *     URLs.
 *  3. contrib:// is special shorthand for fetching a file from a particular
 *     GitHub side folder. If the "l" suffix is there then the file will be read
 *     from a matching local folder, if fetching from GitHub fails we do not
 *     automatically fall-back to the local version.
 *  4. template:// is similalr but has a different folder.
 *
 *  contrib:// is for CAS side stuff and template:// is for CASText side stuff.
 *
 *  Returns the string content of the URL/file. If failing return false.
 */
// phpcs:ignore moodle.Commenting.MissingDocblock.Function
function stack_fetch_included_content(string $url) {
    static $cache = [];
    $lc = trim(strtolower($url));
    $good = false;
    $islocalfile = false;
    // Not actually passing the $error out now, it is here for documentation
    // and possible future use.
    $error = 'Not a fetchable URL type.';
    $translated = $url;
    if (strpos($url, '://') === false) {
        $good = false;
        return false;
    }
    $path = explode('://', $url, 2)[1];
    if (strpos($lc, 'http://') === 0 || strpos($lc, 'https://') === 0) {
        $good = true;
    } else {
        if (strpos($path, '..') !== false || strpos($path, '/') === 0 || strpos($path, '~') === 0) {
            $error = 'Traversing the directory tree is forbidden.';
            $good = false;
            return false;
        }
    }

    if (strpos($lc, 'contrib://') === 0 || strpos($lc, 'contribl://') === 0) {
        $good = true;
        if (strpos($lc, 'contrib://') === 0) {
            $translated = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/maths/moodle-qtype_stack/' .
                                    'master/stack/maxima/contrib/' . $path;
        } else {
            $islocalfile = true;
            $translated = __DIR__ . '/stack/maxima/contrib/' . $path;
        }
    } else if (strpos($lc, 'template://') === 0 || strpos($lc, 'templatel://') === 0) {
        $good = true;
        if (strpos($lc, 'template://') === 0) {
            $translated = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/maths/moodle-qtype_stack/' .
                                    'master/stack/cas/castext2/template/' . $path;
        } else {
            $islocalfile = true;
            $translated = __DIR__ . '/stack/cas/castext2/template/' . $path;
        }
    } else if (strpos($lc, 'cors://') === 0) {
        $good = true;
        $islocalfile = true;
        $translated = __DIR__ . '/corsscripts/' . $path;

    }

    if ($good) {
        if (!isset($cache[$translated])) {
            // Feel free to apply any proxying here if you want.
            // Just remember that $islocalfile might be true and you might do
            // something else then.
            if ($islocalfile) {
                $cache[$translated] = file_get_contents($translated);
            } else {
                $translated = clean_param($translated, PARAM_URL);
                $headers = get_headers($translated);
                if (strpos($headers[0], '404') === false) {
                    $cache[$translated] = download_file_content($translated);
                } else {
                    $cache[$translated] = false;
                }
            }
        }
        return $cache[$translated];
    }
    $cache[$translated] = false;
    return false;
}

/**
 * Fetches the current VLE UI language. Might not be the one that the question uses.
 */
function stack_get_system_language(): string {
    return current_language();
}