diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 40d0f6efa..b2fd5b1c8 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -3,25 +3,25 @@
 
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 24.10.0
+    rev: 25.1.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
   - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/isort
-    rev: 5.13.2
+    rev: 6.0.1
     hooks:
       - id: isort
         name: isort (python)
         args: ["--profile", "black", "--filter-files", "--skip", "__init__.py"]
         files: ^dodiscover/
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: "v1.13.0"
+    rev: "v1.15.0"
     hooks:
       - id: mypy
         name: mypy (dodiscover)
         args: ["--config-file", "pyproject.toml"]
         files: ^dodiscover/
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: "v1.13.0"
+    rev: "v1.15.0"
     hooks:
       - id: mypy
         name: mypy (tests)
diff --git a/examples/intro/checking_validity_of_a_pag.py b/examples/intro/checking_validity_of_a_pag.py
index 37c383a2d..f43a94d63 100644
--- a/examples/intro/checking_validity_of_a_pag.py
+++ b/examples/intro/checking_validity_of_a_pag.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 unique graph, a PAG, in essence, represents a class of graphs that encode
 the same conditional independence constraints.
 
-PAGs model this relationship by displaying all common edge marks (tail and arrowhead) shared 
+PAGs model this relationship by displaying all common edge marks (tail and arrowhead) shared
 by all members in the equivalence class and displaying circle endpoints for those marks
 that are not common. That is, a circular endpoint (``*-o``) can represent both a directed
 (``*->``) and tail (``*—``) endpoint in causal graphs within the equivalence class.