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Adding examples
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‎Seminar/Week 10/Examples/passingAsParams.cpp

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#include <iostream>
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#include <cmath>
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#include <vector>
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class Shape
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{
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public:
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enum class Type
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{
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RECTANGLE,
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TRIANGLE,
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CIRCLE
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};
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Shape() = default;
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virtual double getArea() const = 0;
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virtual Shape *clone() const = 0;
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virtual Type getType() const = 0;
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virtual ~Shape() = default;
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};
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class Rectangle : public Shape
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{
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public:
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Rectangle() = default;
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Rectangle(const double &width, const double &height) : width(width), height(height) {}
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double getWidth() const
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{
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return this->width;
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}
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double getHeight() const
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{
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return this->height;
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}
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double getArea() const override
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{
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return this->width * height;
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}
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Shape *clone() const override
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{
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return new Rectangle(*this);
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}
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Type getType() const override
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{
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return Type::RECTANGLE;
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}
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private:
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double width;
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double height;
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};
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class Triangle : public Shape
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{
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public:
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Triangle() = default;
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Triangle(const double &a, const double &b, const double &c) : a(a), b(b), c(c) {}
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double getA() const
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{
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return this->a;
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}
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double getB() const
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{
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return this->b;
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}
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double getC() const
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{
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return this->c;
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}
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double getArea() const override
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{
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double p = (a + b + c) / 2;
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return sqrt(p * (p - a) * (p - b) * (p - c));
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}
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Shape *clone() const override
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{
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return new Triangle(*this);
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}
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Type getType() const override
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{
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return Type::TRIANGLE;
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}
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private:
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double a;
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double b;
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double c;
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};
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class Circle : public Shape
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{
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public:
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const double PI = 3.14;
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Circle(const double &radius = 0) : radius(radius) {}
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double getRadius() const
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{
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return this->radius;
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}
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double getArea() const override
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{
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return PI * radius * radius;
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}
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Shape *clone() const override
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{
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return new Circle(*this);
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}
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Type getType() const override
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{
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return Type::CIRCLE;
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}
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private:
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double radius;
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};
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class Shapes
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{
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private:
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std::vector<Shape *> shapes;
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public:
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Shapes() = default;
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void add(const Shape *const shape)
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{
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this->shapes.push_back(shape->clone());
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}
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Shape *operator[](const int index) const
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{
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return this->shapes[index];
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}
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unsigned size() const
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{
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return this->shapes.size();
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}
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~Shapes()
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{
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for (auto *shape : shapes)
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{
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delete shape;
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}
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}
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};
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int main()
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{
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Shapes shapes;
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Rectangle rectangle(3, 5);
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shapes.add(&rectangle);
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Triangle triangle(3, 4, 5);
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shapes.add(&triangle);
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Circle circle(5);
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shapes.add(&circle);
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for (int i = 0; i < shapes.size(); i++)
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{
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// bad practise, this is not a polymorphic code
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if (shapes[i]->getType() == Shape::Type::RECTANGLE)
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{
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std::cout << "This rectangle's area is: ";
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}
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else if (shapes[i]->getType() == Shape::Type::TRIANGLE)
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{
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std::cout << "This triangle's area is: ";
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Triangle *asTriangle = (Triangle *)shapes[i];
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std::cout << asTriangle->getA();
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}
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else if (shapes[i]->getType() == Shape::Type::CIRCLE)
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{
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std::cout << "This circle's area is: ";
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}
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std::cout << shapes[i]->getArea() << std::endl;
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}
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}

‎Seminar/Week 10/Examples/polymorphism.cpp

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#include <iostream>
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#include <vector>
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class Vehicle
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{
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private:
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char *make;
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char *model;
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int horsepower;
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public:
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Vehicle() {}
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Vehicle(const Vehicle &objectToCopyFrom) {}
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Vehicle &operator=(const Vehicle &objectToCopyFrom) {}
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const char *getMake() const {}
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const char *getModel() const {}
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const int getHorsepower() const {}
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virtual void honk()
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{
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std::cout << "A vehicle honking\n";
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}
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virtual ~Vehicle() {}
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};
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class Car : public Vehicle
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{
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private:
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int seats;
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public:
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Car() : seats{1} {}
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void honk()
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{
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std::cout << "A car honking\n";
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}
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const int getSeats() const {}
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};
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class Motorcycle : public Vehicle
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{
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private:
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int capacityLuggage;
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public:
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Motorcycle() : capacityLuggage{0} {}
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const int getCapacity() const {}
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void honk()
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{
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std::cout << "A motorcycle has no horn\n";
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}
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};
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int main()
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{
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Vehicle v;
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Car c;
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Motorcycle m;
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v.honk();
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c.honk();
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m.honk();
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Vehicle *v1 = new Motorcycle(), *v2 = new Car();
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v1->honk();
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v2->honk();
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// std::vector<Vehicle *> vehicles{v1, v2, &v};
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// for (size_t i = 0; i < vehicles.size(); i++)
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// {
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// vehicles[i]->honk();
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// }
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}

‎Seminar/Week 10/Examples/shape_polymorphism/Circle.cpp

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#include "Circle.h"
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const double PI = 3.1415;
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Circle::Circle(int x, int y, double radius): Shape(1), radius(radius){
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SetPoint(0, x, y);
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}
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double Circle::GetArea() const{
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return PI * radius * radius;
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}
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double Circle::GetPer() const{
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return 2 * PI * radius;
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}
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bool Circle::IsPointIn(int x, int y) const{
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return GetPointAtIndex(0).GetDistance(Shape::Point(x, y)) <= radius;
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}

‎Seminar/Week 10/Examples/shape_polymorphism/Circle.h

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#ifndef __CIRCLE_H_
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#define __CIRCLE_H_
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#include "Shape.h"
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class Circle : public Shape{
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public:
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Circle(int x, int y, double radius);
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double GetArea() const override;
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double GetPer() const override;
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bool IsPointIn(int x, int y) const override;
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private:
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double radius;
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};
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#endif

‎Seminar/Week 10/Examples/shape_polymorphism/Rectangle.cpp

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#include "Rectangle.h"
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Rectangle::Rectangle(int x1, int y1, int x3, int y3): Shape(4){
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SetPoint(0, x1, y1);
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SetPoint(1, x1, y3);
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SetPoint(2, x3, y3);
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SetPoint(3, x3, y1);
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}
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double Rectangle::GetArea() const{
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Shape::Point p0 = GetPointAtIndex(0);
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Shape::Point p1 = GetPointAtIndex(1);
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Shape::Point p3 = GetPointAtIndex(3);
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return p0.GetDistance(p1) * p0.GetDistance(p3);
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}
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double Rectangle::GetPer() const{
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Shape::Point p0 = GetPointAtIndex(0);
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Shape::Point p1 = GetPointAtIndex(1);
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Shape::Point p3 = GetPointAtIndex(3);
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return 2 * (p0.GetDistance(p1) + p0.GetDistance(p3));
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}
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bool Rectangle::IsPointIn(int x, int y) const{
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Shape::Point p(x, y);
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return p.x >= GetPointAtIndex(0).x && p.y >= GetPointAtIndex(1).x &&
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p.y <= GetPointAtIndex(0).y && p.y >= GetPointAtIndex(2).y;
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}

‎Seminar/Week 10/Examples/shape_polymorphism/Rectangle.h

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#ifndef __RECTANGLE_H_
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#define __RECTANGLE_H_
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#include "Shape.h"
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class Rectangle : public Shape{
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public:
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Rectangle(int x1, int y1, int x3, int y3);
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double GetArea() const override;
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double GetPer() const override;
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bool IsPointIn(int x, int y) const override;
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};
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#endif

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