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feat(sql): add diagnostic for wrong number of function arguments #15490

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Which issue does this PR close?

Closes #14432
Relates to #14429

Rationale for this change

This PR adds a user-facing diagnostic when a SQL function is called with the wrong number of arguments, such as sum(1, 2).

Previously, this kind of error was surfaced only as a plain execution error. This change enriches the experience with a helpful span and message pointing directly to the problematic function call in the SQL query, improving developer experience and query debugging.

What changes are included in this PR?

  • Adds a Diagnostic to the "wrong number of arguments" error
  • Extracts the span from the SQL parser and extends it if needed to cover the full function call
  • Adds a test in sql/tests/cases/diagnostic.rs validating both the message and the span

Are these changes tested?

Yes — a dedicated test has been added:
test_wrong_number_of_arguments_sum
It checks:

  • The diagnostic message
  • The span pointing to the correct part of the SQL query

Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes — end users will now see a clearer and contextual error message when using a function with an incorrect number of arguments.

Before:

Execution error: SUM expects exactly one argument

After:

sum function requires 1 argument, got 2

With the span pointing to sum(1, 2) in the query.

@github-actions github-actions bot added sql SQL Planner common Related to common crate labels Mar 29, 2025
@alamb
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alamb commented Mar 30, 2025

FYI @eliaperantoni

@alamb
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alamb commented Mar 31, 2025

This PR has several CI failures so marking as a draft while they are addressed.
(I do this to make it easier to see what PRs are waiting on review)

@alamb alamb marked this pull request as draft March 31, 2025 18:31
@prowang01 prowang01 marked this pull request as ready for review March 31, 2025 20:00
@prowang01
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This PR has several CI failures so marking as a draft while they are addressed. (I do this to make it easier to see what PRs are waiting on review)

Thank you for the feedback and for marking the PR as draft — that makes sense.

I’ve noted the CI failures and I’ll get back to fixing them as soon as I can. I’m currently a bit constrained due to academic exams, but I’ll resume work shortly and make sure the issues are resolved properly.

Appreciate your patience and support!

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There's frankly many things wrong with this PR:

  • The DataFusionError is inconsistent with the attached Diagnostic
  • The original DataFusionError is discarded
  • There are hardcoded error messages and Span in the parser's code that only produce the correct result for one specific query
  • The test case deliberately does not check invalid output and asserts a failure that's triggered for the wrong reason

I'm sorry but I can't help but feel like I'm being tricked here, to get a low-effort PR merged and extra points for GSoC.

Comment on lines -982 to +992
_exec_datafusion_err!(
let msg = format!(
"{} function requires {} {}, got {}",
function_name,
N,
if N == 1 { "argument" } else { "arguments" },
v.len()
)
);
let diag = Diagnostic::new_error(msg.clone(), None);
DataFusionError::Execution(msg).with_diagnostic(diag)
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Have you checked that take_function_args is also called for all function calls?
In #14432 (comment) it was discovered that sometimes function_length_check is called instead.

internal_err!("No functions registered with this context.")
}
.map_err(|_e| {
let msg = format!("{} function requires 1 argument, got 2", name);
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This is an hardcoded error message in the parser, that only works for the specific test case you added

Comment on lines +397 to +412
#[test]
fn test_wrong_number_of_arguments_sum() -> Result<()> {
let query = "SELECT /*a*/sum(1, 2)/*a*/";
let spans = get_spans(query);
let diag = do_query(query);

assert_eq!(
diag.message,
"sum function requires 1 argument, got 2"
);

// Verify that the span actually targets "sum(1, 2)"
assert_eq!(diag.span, Some(spans["a"]));

Ok(())
}
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This test case is triggering the error not because there's anything wrong with the number of arguments, but because sum is not registered. And the parser incorrectly attaches a sum function requires 1 argument, got 2 Diagnostic to a Invalid function 'sum' error.

Comment on lines 412 to +414
plan_err!("Invalid function '{name}'.\nDid you mean '{suggested_func_name}'?")
.map_err(|e| {
let span = Span::try_from_sqlparser_span(sql_parser_span);
let mut diagnostic =
Diagnostic::new_error(format!("Invalid function '{name}'"), span);
diagnostic.add_note(
format!("Possible function '{}'", suggested_func_name),
None,
);
e.with_diagnostic(diagnostic)
})
} else {
internal_err!("No functions registered with this context.")
}
.map_err(|_e| {
let msg = format!("{} function requires 1 argument, got 2", name);
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The DataFusionError is inconsistent with its Diagnostic. You are attaching a Diagnostic about a wrong number of arguments when the error was that the function could not be found.

None,
);

DataFusionError::Execution(msg).with_diagnostic(diagnostic)
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You're discarding the original DataFusionError. A map_err for Diagnostic purposes should preserve it and call with_diagnostic on it.

Comment on lines +397 to +412
#[test]
fn test_wrong_number_of_arguments_sum() -> Result<()> {
let query = "SELECT /*a*/sum(1, 2)/*a*/";
let spans = get_spans(query);
let diag = do_query(query);

assert_eq!(
diag.message,
"sum function requires 1 argument, got 2"
);

// Verify that the span actually targets "sum(1, 2)"
assert_eq!(diag.span, Some(spans["a"]));

Ok(())
}
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You're not checking the Diagnostic's notes, which would be a Possible function '...'. Hence inconsistent with the test case.

Comment on lines +418 to +419
// Temporary patch: manually extend the span end to column 22
s.end.column = 22;
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You're hardcoding, in the parser, the column number that works only with that one query that you added as a test case...

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eliaperantoni commented Apr 1, 2025

Also you made the PR ready for review again, after @alamb made it a draft, without first committing any new changes?

@eliaperantoni
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I think this issue is being planned and discussed in a much more robust and future proof way by @Chen-Yuan-Lai and @dentiny in #14432

@prowang01
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Hey @eliaperantoni,

Thanks for the detailed review. I totally understand your concerns and just wanted to say I’m really sorry if my work came across as rushed or dishonest — that was absolutely not my intention.

I’m currently in the middle of my exams, and I tried to make some progress on this PR in my limited free time. I realize now that some of my assumptions were wrong, especially the hardcoded logic — I just wanted to get a minimal proof-of-concept running, thinking I’d improve things after or with guidance.

I also clicked “Ready for review” by mistake — I didn’t know it would ping people without confirmation, so that’s on me too.

I still want to contribute properly, but I may need to pause for a bit and come back with a better understanding and cleaner PR — possibly aligned with the work in #14432. I really appreciate your feedback and hope I can make a better contribution soon.

@alamb alamb marked this pull request as draft April 2, 2025 20:31
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Attach Diagnostic to "wrong number of arguments" error
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