Eliminate usage of CatalogHandlers; introduce CatalogHandlerUtils

[eric-maynard]

Currently, many methods in IcebergCatalogHandler (formerly IcebergCatalogHandlerWrapper) fall back to implementations in CatalogHandlers, which sometimes can result in undesirable behavior. Two examples came up recently:

1. In Feature: Rollback compaction on conflict #1285, we partially copied code out of CatalogHandlers, surfacing the fact that there's a hardcoded 4 retries on every commit
2. In Interface changes for pagination #1528, it was flagged that we could pass along pagination information to the catalog being delegated to rather than use the client-side pagination present in CatalogHandlers

To move us away from CatalogHandlers, this PR introduces a new class CatalogHandlerUtils that's mostly a copy of CatalogHandlers as of Iceberg 1.8 and migrates usage of CatalogHandlers to this new type.

Currently, the only meaningful change is that we inject a configuration store to make the number of retries on commit configurable.