Expand list of known compiler built-ins

[tautschnig]

Generated using clang_builtins.py after fixing the script as included in this commit.

• Each commit message has a non-empty body, explaining why the change was made.
• n/a Methods or procedures I have added are documented, following the guidelines provided in CODING_STANDARD.md.
• n/a The feature or user visible behaviour I have added or modified has been documented in the User Guide in doc/cprover-manual/
• Regression or unit tests are included, or existing tests cover the modified code (in this case I have detailed which ones those are in the commit message).
• n/a My commit message includes data points confirming performance improvements (if claimed).
• My PR is restricted to a single feature or bugfix.
• n/a White-space or formatting changes outside the feature-related changed lines are in commits of their own.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 50.00000% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 78.03%. Comparing base (8c229d7) to head (8f85cb3).

Files	Patch %	Lines
src/ansi-c/builtin_factory.cpp	50.00%	3 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop    #8321      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    78.04%   78.03%   -0.02%     
===========================================
  Files         1722     1722              
  Lines       189096   189131      +35     
  Branches     18420    18420              
===========================================
+ Hits        147589   147595       +6     
- Misses       41507    41536      +29     

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